Psychology for Cambridge International AS and A Level
A full summary of Piliavin et al.'s study, including aims, procedure, method, sample, important figures, results, conclusions, evaluations and more. I used these notes for revision and achieved "Top scorer" (nationally) for June 2022 with 91%.
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Unit 5 - Social psychology (9990)
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Piliavin et al. 1969
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_be1fw0
1. Background: what Bystander Behaviour (ppl who witness events and
behaviour was ob- choose whether to intervene).
served? Describe
good samaritans. Ppl who act unselfishly helping others.
2. Define diffusion of People are less likely to help in an emergency when
responsibility there are more ppl around as they believe other ppl will
help out instead.
3. Aims 1. To test whether race affects helping
(race/gender/rea- 2. To compare helping by males and females
son/model/by- 3. To test whether "reason" (drunk/ill) affects helping
stander effect) 4. To investigate whether models affect altruism
5. To test bystander efffect/ DoR
4. Hypothesis 1. Same race = More likely to help Full
2. Ill = more likely to help Partial
3. Presence of Model = more likely to help Partial
4. More people (DoR) = less likely
5. Cost reward matrix revaluation that victim may become disgusting, embar-
- why someone is rassing or violent
less likely to help a
drunk victim
6. Participants (to- 4450 unsolicited passengers on NY subway
tal, avg no in Avg 43/carriage, avg 8 in critical
carriage/critical, % 45% black 55% white
of races), trav-
el times/location, Travelling 11am - 3pm
sampling tech- Harlem to the Bronx
nique Weekday between April - June
Recruited via opportunity sampling
7. Confederates 16 Columbia general studies students
24-35 y.o.s
8. Field experiment, covert
1/6
, Piliavin et al. 1969
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_be1fw0
What design, type
of experiment,
type of observa-
tion,
9. IVs name. 1. Ill - cane, Drunk - smell of alcohol, hold bottle wrapped
Victim's responsi- in paper bag
bility - how were 2. Race
they propped? 3. Presence of model
4. Number of bystanders
DV? (3)
Number of ppl who helped
the speed it took for first help
comments made
10. What did the 2 female observers in the adjacent area, 2 males (victim
teams of 4 consist + model helper), in one team the victim was black.
of? what was spe-
cial about one of
the teams?
11. What did the 4 vic- Eisenhower Jackets
tims wear?
12. How many trails 5-8 trails
per day? Total?
How long? Total 103
Just over 10 weeks
13. After how long 70s or 150s after leaving station.
did the vicitm fake Positioned either critical or adjacent area.
collapsing? Where
were the models staggered, fell, lay with eyes open, not moving until
positioned? helped
How was the
falling standard-
ised?
2/6
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