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  • September 13, 2022
  • 6
  • 2022/2023
  • Exam (elaborations)
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What is surveying Correct Answer: the art and science of taking field measurements on or near the
surface of the earth

Survey field measurements include... Correct Answer: horizontal and slope distances, vertical
distances, and horizontal and vertical angles

What is geomatics Correct Answer: describes the computerization and digitization of data collection,
data processing, data analysis, and data output.

Includes traditional surveying but also reflects the scope of measurement science and information
technology

Plane surveys Correct Answer: is that type of surveying in which the surface of the earth is
considered to be a plane for all X and Y dimensions.

Datum Correct Answer: z dimension (height), usually meaning sea level

Geodetic surveys Correct Answer: that type of survey in which the earth is considered to be
ellipsoidal in shape for all X and Y dimensions.

X & Y plane dimensions Correct Answer: x=easterly
Y=northerly

Engineering surveying Correct Answer: those activities involved in the planning and execution of
surveys for the location, design, construction, maintenance, and operation of civil and other
engineered projects

Preparation of surveying and related mapping specifications.
Execution of remote sensing and field surveys for the collection of required data - including
topographic and hydrographic data.

Preliminary surveys Correct Answer: made to collect data, which can then be plotted to scale on a
plan or map

-locate natural features such as trees, rivers, hills, etc.

Construction surveys Correct Answer: the layouts of proposed construction features

What do preliminary and construction surveys must have in common? Correct Answer:
measurements for both surveys must be referenced to a common base for X,Y,and Z dimensions

Control survey Correct Answer: the establishment of a base for horizontal and vertical measurements

-establish reference points for preliminary and construction surveys

, Benchmarks (BM) Correct Answer: permanent point of known elevation

-established using precise leveling surveys

Polar tie-ins Correct Answer: angle/distance technique

-now the most widely used location technique

Positioning tie-in Correct Answer: the second most widely used technique for locating topographic
features.

-utilizes direct positioning techniques common to total station surveys and ground-scanning
techniques, satellite-positioning techniques, and remote-sensing techniques

Theodolites (transits) Correct Answer: used for measuring horizontal and vertical angles and for
establishing linear and curved alignments in the field

Total station Correct Answer: combines electronic distance measurement with an electronic
theodolite

-in addition to electronic distance and angle measuring capabilities, the instrument is equipped with a
central processor that enables horizontal and vertical positions

Level and rod Correct Answer: used to determine distances in elevation and elevations in a wide
variety of surveying, mapping, and engineering applications

Steel tapes Correct Answer: relatively precise measuring instruments and are used mostly for short
measurements in both preliminary and layout surveys

Line and grade Correct Answer: the horizontal location and the height above sea level.

Line-the horizontal location

Grade- the vertical location or elevation

Horizontal distances Correct Answer: can be measured with a fiberglass or steel tape or with an
electronic distance measuring device.

When surveying, the horizontal distance is always required for plan plotting purposes

Vertical distances Correct Answer: can be measured with a tape, however, mostly are measured with
a surveyor's level and rod or with a total station

Slope distances Correct Answer: can be measured with a fiberglass or steel tape or with an electronic
distance measuring device.

A distance measured with steel tape on a slope can be trigonometrically converted to its horizontal
equivalent by using either the slope angle or the difference in elevation between the 2 points

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