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AQA GCSE 9-1 Physics Forces topic summary
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A summary of the AQA GCSE physics specification for the forces topic.
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VECTOR: A measure which has a magnitude and direction, like All matter has a gravitational Weight = mass × gravitationforce, acceleration and velocity. field, and attracts all other newtons kg
matter. The larger the mass, the Work Done = F
SCALAR: A measure which has just a magnitude, like speed, stronger the field, the greater joules n
energy and momentum. the attraction. Momentum =
kg m/s
Work done against frictional forces causes a rise
FORCE: A push or pull that acts on an object due to the in temperature of the object. Speed =
interaction with another object. m/s
To stretch, bend or compress an object, more than one force h
WEIGHT: The force exerted on a mass by the gravitational applied. If a single force is applied to an object, it will just mov
field. direction.
Plastic Deformation:
RESULTANT FORCE: A single force representing the sum of all o The object does not return to its original shap
the forces acting on an object. If more than one force act Forces has been removed e.g. A spring when pulled too
along a straight line, the resultant can be found by adding Elastic Deformation:
(acting in the same direction) or subtracting (acting in o The object returns to its original sha
opposite directions) them. load has been removed e.g. Elastic ban
Non-Contact - the objects are physically separated. The extension of an elastic object, suc
o Electrostatic: The charges cause a force of directly proportional to the force appl
attraction/repulsion. that the limit of proportionality is not
o Gravitational attraction: The mass creates a force of
attraction. An object has a constant velocity unless acted on by a resultant force. W
objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal and oppo
Contact - the objects are physically touching.
o Normal contact force, which is felt in opposite direction to contact: The force is normal to the planes of contact.
o Friction: The surfaces and their roughness cause friction when moved in contact.
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