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NUR 344Adult Health Exit HESI_STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED
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NUR 344Adult Health Exit HESI_STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED
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Adult Health Exit HESI_STUDYENDOCRINE DISORDERS
1. Nurse Ronn is assessing a client with a. Hypotension. 1. Answer C. Because of changes in fat distribution,
possible Cushing’s syndrome. In a client b. Thick, coarse skin. adipose tissue accumulates in the trunk, face
with Cushing’s syndrome, the nurse would c. Deposits of adipose tissue in the trunk (moonface), and dorsocervical areas (buffalo hump).
expect to find: and dorsocervical area. Hypertension is caused by fluid retention. Skin
d. Weight gain in arms and legs. becomes thin and bruises easily because of a loss of
collagen. Muscle wasting causes muscle atrophy and
thin extremities.
2. A male client with primary diabetes a. “Administer desmopressin while the 2. Answer C. Desmopressin may not be absorbed
insipidus is ready for discharge on suspension is cold.” if the intranasal route is compromised. Although
desmopressin (DDAVP). Which instruction b. “Your condition isn’t chronic, so you diabetes insipidus is treatable, the client should wear
should nurse Lina provide? won’t need to wear a medical identification medical identification and carry medication at all
bracelet.” times to alert medical personnel in an emergency and
c. “You may not be able to use ensure proper treatment. The client must continue to
desmopressin nasally if you have nasal monitor fluid intake and output and receive adequate
discharge or blockage.” fluid replacement.
d. “You won’t need to monitor your
fluid intake and output after you start
taking desmopressin.”
3. Nurse Wayne is aware that a positive a. Hypocalcemia 3. Answer A. Chvostek’s sign is elicited by tapping
Chvostek’s sign indicate? b. Hyponatremia the client’s face lightly over the facial nerve, just
a. Hypocalcemia c. Hypokalemia below the temple. If the client’s facial muscles
b. Hyponatremia d. Hypermagnesemia twitch, it indicates hypocalcemia. Hyponatremia is
c. Hypokalemia indicated by weight loss, abdominal cramping,
d. Hypermagnesemia muscle weakness, headache, and postural
hypotension. Hypokalemia causes paralytic ileus and
muscle weakness. Clients with hypermagnesemia
exhibit a loss of deep tendon reflexes, coma, or
cardiac arrest.
,Adult Health Exit HESI_STUDY
4. In a 29-year-old female client who a. Serum glucose level. 4. Answer A. Hyperglycemia, which develops
is being successfully treated for b. Hair loss. from glucocorticoid excess, is a manifestation of
Cushing’s syndrome, nurse Lyzette c. Bone mineralization. Cushing’s syndrome. With successful treatment of
would expect a decline in: d. Menstrual flow. the disorder, serum glucose levels decline. Hirsutism
a. Serum glucose level. is common in Cushing’s syndrome; therefore, with
b. Hair loss. successful treatment, abnormal hair growth also
c. Bone mineralization. declines. Osteoporosis occurs in Cushing’s
d. Menstrual flow. syndrome; therefore, with successful treatment, bone
,Adult Health Exit HESI_STUDY
mineralization increases. Amenorrhea develops in
Cushing’s syndrome. With successful treatment, the
client experiences a return of menstrual flow, not a
decline in it.
5. A male client has recently undergone a. It decreases cyclic adenosine 5. Answer C. Corticotropin interacts with plasma
surgical removal of a pituitary tumor. Dr. monophosphate (cAMP) production and membrane receptors to produce enzymatic actions
Wong prescribes corticotropin (Acthar), 20 affects the metabolic rate of target organs. that affect protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism.
units I.M. q.i.d. as a replacement therapy. b. It interacts with plasma It doesn’t decrease cAMP production. The posterior
What is the mechanism of action of membrane receptors to inhibit pituitary hormone, antidiuretic hormone, regulates
corticotropin? enzymatic actions. the threshold for water resorption in the kidneys.
c. It interacts with plasma membrane
receptors to produce enzymatic actions
that affect protein, fat, and carbohydrate
metabolism.
d. It regulates the threshold for
water resorption in the kidneys.
6. Capillary glucose monitoring is being a. Onset to be at 2 p.m. and its peak to be at 6. Answer C. Regular insulin, which is a short-
performed every 4 hours for a female client 3 p.m. acting insulin, has an onset of 15 to 30 minutes and a
diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis. Insulin b. Onset to be at 2:15 p.m. and its peak to peak of 2 to 4 hours. Because the nurse gave the
is administered using a scale of regular be at 3 p.m. insulin at 2 p.m., the expected onset would be from
insulin according to glucose results. At 2 c. Onset to be at 2:30 p.m. and its peak to 2:15 p.m. to 2:30 p.m. and the peak from 4 p.m. to 6
p.m., the client has a capillary glucose level be at 4 p.m. p.m.
of 250 mg/dl for which he receives 8 U of d. Onset to be at 4 p.m. and its peak to be at
regular 6 p.m.
insulin. Nurse Vince should expect the dose’s:
7. A female client with Cushing’s syndrome a. Depression 7. Answer A. Agitation, irritability, poor memory,
is admitted to the medical-surgical unit. b. Neuropathy loss of appetite, and neglect of one’s appearance may
During the admission assessment, nurse Tyzz c. Hypoglycemia signal depression, which is common in clients with
notes that the client is agitated and irritable, d. Hyperthyroidism Cushing’s syndrome. Neuropathy affects clients with
has poor memory, reports loss of appetite, and diabetes mellitus — not Cushing’s syndrome.
appears disheveled. These findings are Although hypoglycemia can cause irritability, it also
consistent with which problem? produces increased appetite, rather than loss of
appetite. Hyperthyroidism typically causes such
signs as goiter, nervousness, heat intolerance, and
weight loss despite increased appetite.
, Adult Health Exit HESI_STUDY
8. Nurse Ruth is assessing a client after a a. Tetany 8. Answer A. Tetany may result if the parathyroid
thyroidectomy. The assessment reveals b. Hemorrhage glands are excised or damaged during thyroid
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