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Exam (elaborations)

2022 PN Exit HESI Study Plan

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2022 PN Exit HESI Study Plan Pass with Grade A

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  • March 31, 2022
  • 19
  • 2022/2023
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2022 PN Exit HESI Study Plan


fatigue, muscle weakness, renal calculi, back and joint pain (increased calcium)
give a low calcium high phosphorous diet

Hyper-parathyroid




increased temp, rapid/weak pulse, increase respiration, hypotension, anxiety.
Urine specific gravity >1.030

Hypovolemia




bounding pulse, SOB, dyspnea, rales/crackles, peripheral edema, HTN, urine
specific gravity <1.010. semi fowler's

Hypervolemia




excessive urine output and thirst, dehydration, weakness, administer Pitressin


Diabetes insipidus (decreased ADH)




change in LOC, decreased deep tendon reflexes, tachycardia. N/V HA
administer Declomycin, diuretics

SIADH (increased ADH)




muscle weakness, dysrhythmias, increase K (rasins bananas apricots, oranges,
beans, potatoes, carrots, celery)

hypokalemia

, MURDER Muscle weakness, Urine (olig, anuria) Resp depression, decreased
cardiac contractility, ECG changes, reflexes


Hyperkalemia




nausea, muscle cramps, increased ICP, muscular twitching, convulsions. give
osmotic diuretics (Mannitol) and fluids

Hyponatremia




increased temp, weakness, disorientation, dilusions, hypotension, tachycardia.
give hypotonic solution.

Hypernatremia




CATS Convulsions, Arrythmias, Tetany, spasms and stridor


Hypocalcemia




muscle weakness, lack of coordination, abdominal pain, confusion, absent
tendon reflexes, shallow respirations, emergency!

Hypercalcemia




Tremors, tetany, seizures, dysthythmias, depression, confusion, dysphagia, (dig
toxicity)

Hypo Mg




depresses the CNS. Hypotension, facial flushing, muscle weakness, absent
deep tendon reflexes, shallow respirations. EMERGENCY

Hyper Mg

, Hypo Na, Hyper K, Hypoglycemia, dark pigmentation, decreased resistance to
stress fx, alopecia, weight loss. GI stress.

Addison's




Hyper Na, Hypo K, hyperglycemia, prone to infection, muscle wasting,
weakness, edema, HTN, hirsutism, moonface/buffalo hump

C ushings




N/V confusion, abdominal pain, extreme weakness, hypoglycemia, dehydration,
Addesonian crisis
decreased BP


hypersecretion of epi/norepi. persistent HTN, increased HR, hyperglycemia,
diaphoresis, tremor, pounding HA; avoid stress, frequent bathing and rest
breaks, avoid cold and stimulating foods (surgery to remove tumor)
Pheochromocytoma




DROP -Defect, septal, Right ventricular hypertrophy, Overriding aortas,
Pulmonary stenosis

Tetrology of Fallot




(potentially life threatening emergency!) HOB elevate 90 degrees, loosen
constrictive clothing, assess for full bladder or bowel impaction, (trigger)
administer antihypertensives (may cause stroke, MI, seizure)
Autonomic Dysreflexia




Posterior --heard at sides
Anterior---midline by unbilicus and side
Position of the baby by fetal heart sounds
Breech- high up in the fundus near umbilicus
Vertex- by the symphysis pubis.

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