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vSim - Harry Hadley
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vSim - Harry HadleyA patient reports pain and swelling of a lower extremity. Assessment findings include
warmth, erythema with indistinct margins, purulent drainage from the area, and oral
temperature of 101.2 F (38.5 C). Which of the following laboratory tests should the
nurse anticipate being ordered for the patient based on these signs and symptoms?
(Select all that apply.)
a) White cell count
b) C-reactive protein
c) Platelet count
d) Electrolytes
e) Wound culture - a) White cell count
b) C-reactive protein
e) Wound culture
These signs and symptoms indicate possible infections (cellulitis). Diagnostic tests that
confirm the diagnosis include white cell count, C-reactive protein, and wound culture.
Electrolytes and platelet count will not confirm the presence of infection.
A patient with a superficial wound is scheduled to have a culture of the wound. Which of
the following directions best describes how to collect this culture?
a) Insert clean swab deep in the wound and then place swab in an anaerobic culture
tube.
b) Cleanse the wound, swab surface, and then place swab in an anaerobic culture tube.
c) Apply antiseptic to wound, swab surface, and then place swab in aerobic culture
tube.
d) Swab as much exudate as possible and then place swab in an aerobic culture tube. -
d) Swab as much exudate as possible and then place swab in an aerobic culture tube.
Aerobic organisms typically appear in superficial wounds. For an aerobic culture,
express the wound and swab as much exudate as possible and then immediately place
the swab in aerobic culture tube. Antiseptics may kill any bacteria and result in incorrect
test results. Anaerobic organisms usually appear in areas of poor tissue perfusion such
as deep wounds.
Which of the following statements best describes the goal of antibiotic therapy?
a) Decrease the number of invading bacteria.
b) Eliminate all of the infected cells in the body.
c) Increase the number of antigens in the body.
d) Enlarge the size of white blood cells. - a) Decrease the number of invading bacteria.
, The goal of antibiotic therapy is to decrease the population of invading bacteria to a
point at which the human immune system can effectively deal with the invading
organism. The infected cells are not eliminated, only the invading organisms. Antibiotics
do not increase the size of white blood cells or number of antigens in the body.
Some microorganisms have begun to develop resistance to specific anti-infective
agents. Which of the following interventions can help reduce emergence of new
resistant microorganisms? (Select all that apply.)
a) Ensure antibiotic therapy is sufficient to eradicate any resistant microbes.
b) Antibiotics should be prescribed for all types of infective or viral organisms.
c) Schedule around the clock dosing to maintain a constant therapeutic level.
d) Use bread-spectrum antimicrobial agents whenever possible.
e) Educate patients to continue antibiotics even when they begin feeling better. - a)
Ensure antibiotic therapy is sufficient to eradicate any resistant microbes.
c) Schedule around the clock dosing to maintain a constant therapeutic level.
e) Educate patients to continue antibiotics even when they begin feeling better.
Antibiotic dosing and drug duration should be adequate to eradicate even slightly
resistant microorganisms. Around-the-clock dosing helps maintain a constant
therapeutic drug level. Taking all the prescribed doses helps ensure that resistant
strains do not develop. Broad-spectrum antibiotics may not treat all pathogens.
Antibiotics do not affect viruses.
A patient diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been
prescribed oral antibiotic therapy. Which of the following medications would be most
appropriate for this patient?
a) Rifampin
b) Cefazolin
c) Erythromycin
d) Penicillin - a) Rifampin
Rifampin is a preferred oral antibiotic for treatment of methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Ninety percent of S. aureus strains are resistant to
penicillin. These strains may also resist erythromycin and cephalosporins such as
cefazolin.
A patient is diagnosed with MRSA infection in a wound. Which of the following
interventions must be implemented when caring for this patient? (Select all that apply.)
a) Perform hand hygiene before leaving room.
b) Post sign on door indicating contact precautions.
c) Wear gown and gloves when in patient's room.
d) Inform visitors that they need to wear a mask.
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