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2020 HESI PHARMACOLOGY V1
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2020 HESI PHARMACOLOGY V1CONTAINS 100 Questions with Rationale
and highlighted correct Answers
Question 1-100
Grade A
Verified Solutions
,2020 HESI Pharmacology Version 1 – Questions 1 through 100
1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the
client's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the
nurse prepare to administer as prescribed to the client?
1. Calcium chloride
2Calcium gluconate
3.Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
4.Large doses of vitamin D
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) Rationale;
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is
experiencing hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are
medications used for the treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of
acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to
be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, decreases the plasma calcium
level by inhibiting bone resorption and lowering the serum calcium
concentration.
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron
deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with
which best food item?
1. Milk
1. Water
2. Apple juice
3. Orange juice
4. Orange juice Rationale;
Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should
be instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is
high in vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not
assist in absorption. Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C
than apple juice.
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis.
The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would
indicate the presence of systemic toxicity from this medication?
1. Tinnitus
1. Diarrhea
2. Constipation
3. Decreased respirations 1.
Tinnitus Rationale;
,Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity
(salicylism) can result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea,
and psychological disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not
associated with salicylism.
4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if
they have applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that
chemical sunscreens are most effective when applied;
1. Immediately before swimming
1. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
2. Immediately before exposure to the sun
3. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
4. 4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
Rationale;
Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before
exposure to the sun so that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens
should be reapplied after swimming or sweating.
5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn
injury. When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort
and burning. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
1. Notifying the registered nurse
1. Discontinuing the medication
2. Informing the client that this is normal
3. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site 3.
Informing the client that this is normal
Rationale;
Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-positive
organisms and is used to treat burns to reduce bacteria present in avascular
tissues. The client should be informed that the medication will cause local
discomfort and burning and that this is a normal reaction; therefore options
1, 2, and 4 are incorrect
6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate
(Sulfamylon) to the site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing
that which of the following indicates that a systemic effect has occurred?
1.Hyperventilation
2.Elevated blood
pressure 3.Local pain at
the burn site
4.Local rash at the burn site 1.Hyperventilation
,
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