PCB 3036 GENTICS EXAM #1 2019
1. The case of albinism among the Hopi Indians of Black Mesa is different from other cases of albinism because of all of the following EXCEPT:
a. the albinism did not involve vision defects.
2. Genetics has played a key role in which of the following areas?
a. Agri...
1 the case of albinism among the hopi indians of black mesa is different from other cases of albinism because of all of the following except a the albinism did not invo
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PCB 3036 GENTICS EXAM #1
2019
Chapter 1
1. The case of albinism among the Hopi Indians of Black Mesa is different
from other cases of albinism because of all of the following EXCEPT:
a. the albinism did not involve vision defects.
2. Genetics has played a key role in which of the following areas?
a. Agriculture, medicine, pharmaceutical production
3. Genetic variation in populations:
a. provides the basis of adaptation.
4. Genetics as a discipline can be subdivided into all of the following EXCEPT:
a. acquisition genetics.
5. Early notions of heredity that do not seem to describe it accurately include
all of the following EXCEPT:
a. germ-plasm theory.
6. While modern genetics starts with the experiments of Gregor Mendel in
1866, it wasn't until the start of the 20th century that those studies
became well known, amplifying the work of:
a. Sutton, who proposed that genes were on chromosomes.,
Morgan, who identified fruit fly mutations., Haldane and others
who used populations to connect genetics to evolution.
7. Prokaryotes and eukaryotes differ in that:
a. None of the above.
8. Genes:
a. are carried on chromosomes., come in pairs in eukaryotic cells.,
come in alternative forms, known as alleles.
9. Phenotypes are:
a. measurable traits of an organism., not inherited directly.
10. The sexual life cycle involves:
a. mitosis, followed by meiosis and fertilization.
11. The flow of information is as follows:
a. DNA to RNA to protein.
12. Mutations are changes of
DNA:
a. that can affect a single gene., that can affect large regions
of chromosomes., that can be passed on to daughter cells.
13. Which theory shares some conceptual overlap with pangenesis?
a. Germ-plasm
14. Domestication of plants and animals first began
about a. 10,000–12,000 years ago.
15. Which of the following is a correct statement?
A. The major difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is the
presence or absence of a defined nucleus, respectively
16. Heritable changes in genetic information would affect
a. DNA, RNA, and Protein
17. Which of the following examples of scientists and subfields of genetics
are matched incorrectly?
,a. Morgan—molecular genetics
, 18. Which of the following would likely make the best model genetic organism
for studying developmental mechanisms of eukaryotic gene regulation?
a. Fruit fly
19. Which topic would be covered within the subdiscipline of molecular genetics?
a. Determining the type of change in DNA that produced a
mutation responsible for a genetic disease
20. The first evidence that humans understood and applied principles of heredity
is found in
a. early domestication of plants and animals
21. Which topic would be covered within the subdiscipline of population genetics?
a. Effect of small numbers of individuals on changes in the frequencies of an
allele
22. What is the relationship between genes and alleles?
a. Alleles refer to the versions of a gene.
23. Which of the following statements describes the germ-plasm theory?
a. Cells in the reproductive organs contain a complete set of
genetic information that is transferred directly to the gametes.
24. What is the relation between genetics and evolution?
a. Evolution involves change in the frequency of genetic variants.
25. The idea that particles carry genetic information from different parts of the
body to the reproductive organs is known as .
a. pangenesis
26. Which topic would be covered within the subdiscipline of molecular genetics?
a. Determining the type of change in DNA that produced a
mutation responsible for a genetic disease
27. Which theory of inheritance suggested that all traits are inherited from
one parent?
a. Preformationism
28. Which theory has contributed the most to disprove the concept of
blending inheritance?
a. Mendelian inheritance
29. Which of the following statements about Hopi culture MOST directly explains
the high frequency of albinism observed among members of this tribe?
a. Albino males did not work the fields and spent more time with the
women of the tribe, which allowed them to have more children.
30. Genetics is important to all of us because
a. All of the above choices are ways in which genetics is important to us.
31. Which of the following is NOT an example of the role of genetics in society today
a. Production of crude oil for manufacturing processes and gasoline synthesis
32. Genetics is crucial to modern biology because
a. the study of genetics supports many other biological disciplines.
33. Exploration of the chemical nature of the gene, including the structure,
organization, and function of genes at a molecular level summarizes
genetics.
a. Molecular
, 34. Which of the following characteristics of model genetic organisms does
NOT make an organism useful for genetic studies?
a. Small, manageable numbers of progeny
35. When and where did agriculture first arise?
a. 10,000 to 12,000 years ago in the Middle East
36. What role did genetics play in the development of the first domesticated
plants and animals?
a. Farmers selectively bred individual wild plants and animals that had
useful characteristics with others that had similar useful traits.
37. How does the notion of pangenesis differ from the germ-plasm theory?
a. Pangenesis proposes that gemmules carry information from various parts
of the body to the reproductive organs, where they are passed to the gametes and
then to the embryo at the moment of conception; the germ-plasm theory proposes
that reproductive cells contain the genetic information required to make a
complete organism.
38. How is the concept of the inheritance of acquired characteristics related to
the notion of pangenesis?
a. The concept of traits acquired within a lifetime passed down from
the parents to offspring is supported by the notion of pangenesis where
genetic information traveling from different parts of the body ends up in
reproductive organs.
39. According to preformationism,
a. the offspring result from a miniature adult that is already preformed in
the sperm or egg.
40. A major component of the theory of blending inheritance that differs from
the concept of preformationism is that
a. the egg and sperm from the parents contain material that blends
upon conception, influencing the development of the offspring.
41. How did developments in botany in the seventeenth and eighteenth
centuries contribute to the rise of modern genetics?
a. Botanists of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries developed
new techniques for creating plant hybrids, providing essential background
work for Mendel.
42. Which of the following advances in genetics was NOT made in the
twentieth century?
a. Demonstration that the nucleus had a role in fertilization
43. What are the two basic types of cells from a structural perspective?
a. Prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells
44. How do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ?
a. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, whereas eukaryotic cells do have
a nucleus.
45. The relations between genes, DNA, and chromosomes are BEST summarized
by which statement?
a. Genes are composed of DNA nucleotide sequences that are located
at specific positions on chromosomes
46. What is the relation between genetics and evolution?
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