SEISMIC AND WIND ANALYSIS OF RCC BUILDING WITH AND WITHOUT SHEAR WALL
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Course
Structural engineering
Institution
Kirikkale Unversity
The structure in high seismic areas may be susceptible to the severe damage. Along with gravity load structure has to withstand to lateral load which can develop high stresses. Now a day, shear wall in RCC structure and steel bracings in steel structure are most popular system to resist lateral loa...
SEISMIC AND WIND ANALYSIS OF RCC BUILDING
WITH AND WITHOUT SHEAR WALL
Prathibha Reddy T a, Khaled Mahdi AL-Qudaih b
a Civil Engineering department, Brindavan groups of institutions, Bangalore 560064, India
b Civil Engineering department, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale 71450, Turkey
heavy. Shear walls are usually used in tall building to avoid
Abstract: The structure in high seismic areas may be
collapse of buildings. When shear wall is situated in
susceptible to the severe damage. Along with gravity load
advantageous positions in the building, they can form an
structure has to withstand to lateral load which can develop high
stresses. Now a day, shear wall in RCC structure and steel efficient lateral force resisting system.
bracings in steel structure are most popular system to resist 2.How do earthquakes affect buildings?
lateral load due to earthquake, wind, blast etc. The shear wall is
one of the best lateral load resisting systems which is widely Ground shaking is the primary cause of earthquake damage to
used in construction world but use of steel bracing will be the man-made structures. Many factors influence the strength of
viable solution for enhancing earthquake resistance. In this earthquake shaking at a site including the earthquake's
study R.C.C. building with G+15 is modelled and analysed in magnitude, the site's proximity to the fault, the local geology,
two Parts and the soil type. More than 250 structures throughout the
United States have been outfitted with seismic sensors by the
I) Model with shear wall. USGS National Strong Motion Project (NSMP) to improve the
overall
II) Model without shear wall system.
understanding of earthquakes and their effects on the built
The computer aided analysis is done by using E-TABS to find environment. The instrumentation and monitoring of structures
out the effective lateral load system during earthquake in high by NSMP is only one part of USGS efforts to protect people’s
seismic areas. The performance of the building is evaluated in lives and property from earthquake hazards in all of the Nation’s
terms of Lateral Displacement, Storey Drifts and Base shear seismically active regions.
(Performance point). According to the analysis and comparison
that have been done in the project the performance of regular
building is found better than irregular building.
1. Introduction
Shear wall are one of the excellent means of providing
earthquake resistance to multi- storeyed reinforced concrete
building. The structure is still damaged due to some or the other Figure 1. The displacement of buildings as well as ground
reason during earthquakes. Behaviour of structure during acceleration during the earthquake.
earthquake motion depends on distribution of weight, stiffness
and strength in both horizontal and planes of building. To 3.Shear wall
reduce the effect of earthquake reinforced concrete shear walls
Shear walls are vertical elements of the horizontal force
are used in the building. These can be used for improving
seismic response of buildings. Structural design of buildings for resisting system. Shear walls are constructed to counter the
seismic loading is primarily concerned with structural safety
effects of lateral load acting on a structure. In residential
during major Earthquakes, in tall buildings, it is very important
to ensure adequate lateral stiffness to resist lateral load. The construction, shear walls are straight external walls that
provision of shear wall in building to achieve rigidity has been
typically form a box which provides all of the lateral support
found effective and economical. When building is tall, beam,
column sizes are quite heavy and steel required is large. So, for the building. When shear walls are designed and constructed
there is lot of congestion at these joint and it is difficult to place
and vibrate concrete at these place and displacement is quite
, properly, and they will have the strength and stiffness to resist Shear wall structural systems are more stable. Because, their
the horizontal forces. supporting area (total cross-sectional area of all shear walls)
with reference to total plans area of building, is comparatively
For slender walls where the bending deformation is more, Shear
more, unlike in the case of RCC framed structures.
wall resists the loads due to Cantilever Action. In building
construction, a rigid vertical diaphragm capable of transferring 5.FUNCTIONS OF SHEAR WALL
lateral forces from exterior walls, floors, and roofs to the ground
foundation in a direction parallel to their planes. Examples are
the reinforced-concrete wall. Lateral forces caused by wind,
earthquake, and uneven settlement loads, in addition to the
weight of structure and occupants; create powerful twisting
(torsional) forces. This leads to the failure of the structures by
shear.
Shear walls are especially important in high-rise buildings
subject to lateral wind and seismic forces. Generally, shear Figure 3. Showing Two function of Shear Wall
walls are either plane or flanged in section, while core walls
Shear walls must provide the necessary lateral strength to resist
consist of channel sections. They also provide adequate strength
horizontal earthquake forces. When shear walls are strong
and stiffness to control lateral displacements. In the last two
enough, they will transfer these horizontal forces to the next
decades, shear walls became an important part of mid and high-
element in the load path below them. These other components
rise residential buildings. As part of an earthquake resistant
in the load path may be other shear walls, floors, foundation
building design, these walls are placed in building plans
walls, slabs or footings.
reducing lateral displacements under earthquake loads. So,
Shear walls also provide lateral stiffness to prevent the roof or
shear-wall frame structures are obtained.
floor above from excessive side-sway. When shear walls are
stiff enough, they will prevent floor and roof framing members
from moving off their supports. Also, buildings that are
sufficiently stiff will usually suffer less non-structural damage.
6.LOCATION OF SHEAR WALLS
Shear walls should be located on each level of the structure
including the crawl space. To form an effective box structure,
Figure 2. Shear walls equal length shear walls should be placed symmetrically on all
four exterior walls of the building.
Shear walls should be added to the building interior when the
4.PURPOSE OF CONSTRUCTING SHEAR WALLS
exterior walls cannot provide sufficient strength and stiffness.
Shear walls are not only designed to resist gravity / vertical
Shear walls are most efficient when they are aligned vertically
loads (due to its self-weight and other living / moving loads),
and are supported on foundation walls or footings. When
but they are also designed for lateral loads of earthquakes /
exterior shear walls do not provide sufficient strength, other
wind. The shear walls are structurally integrated with roofs /
parts of the building will need additional strengthening.
floors (diaphragms) and other lateral walls running across at
Consider the common case of an interior wall supported by a
right angles, thereby giving the three-dimensional stability for
sub floor over a crawl space and there is no continuous footing
the building structures.
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