1. The health care professional is caring for a person who has a pathologic fracture. The
patient asks the professional to explain the condition. What response by the
professional is best?
a. The outer surface of the bone is disrupted, but the inside is intact.
b. A stable fracture where the cortex of the bone bends but doesn’t break.
c. A fracture that happens at the site of an abnormality already in that bone.
d. It was caused by the cumulative effects of stress on the bone over time.
ANS: C A pathologic fracture is a break at the site of a preexisting abnormality, usually
by force that would not fracture a normal bone. A greenstick fracture is one in which the
outer surface is disrupted but the inside in intact. The stable fracture with a bent but not
broken cortex is a torus fracture. Cumulative stress results in stress fractures.2.
, 2. A health care professional is providing education to a group of seasonal athletes.
What type of fracture does the professional warn them to avoid?
a. Stress
b. Greenstick
c. Insufficiency
d. Pathologic
ANS: A A stress fracture occurs in normal or abnormal bone that is subjected to
repeated stress, such as repetitive and strenuous activities that occur during athletics. A
greenstick fracture is one in which the outer surface of the bone is disrupted but the
interior is intact. Insufficiency fractures are seen in osteoporosis and osteomalacia. A
pathologic fracture is one that occurs from force that would not usually break a bone.
There is usually an underlying lesion or abnormality at the site of the fracture.
3. Improper reduction or immobilization of a fractured femur can result in which outcome
after cast removal?
a. The muscles around the fracture site are weak.
b. The fracture requires 6 to 8 weeks of physical therapy.
c. The skin under the cast is dry and flaky.
d. The bone is not straight.
ANS: D Improper reduction or immobilization of a fractured bone may result in
nonunion, delayed union, or malunion. Malunion is the healing of a bone in a
nonanatomic position that could result in the bone not being straight. The other options
are normal occurrences.
4. What is the tear in a ligament referred to as?
a. Fracture
b. Strain
c. Disunion
d. Sprain
ANS: D Ligament tears are commonly known as sprains. A fracture is a break in a
bone. A strain is an injury to a tendon or muscle. Disunion is when bones do not heal
together properly after a fracture.
5. Which type of osteoporosis would a person develop after having the left leg in a cast
for 8 weeks to treat fracture of the tibia and fibula?
a. Iatrogenic
b. Regional
c. Idiopathic
d. Osteoblastic
ANS: B Classic regional osteoporosis is associated with disuse or immobilization of a
limb because of fractures, motor paralysis, or bone or joint inflammation.
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