POLITIC5001 Interntl Relations Research (POLITIC5001)
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What are some common processes that lead to the outbreak of civil
warfare? Discuss with reference to at least two recent cases of civil
war.
Civil war or intrastate war refers to the conflicts between organized groups in the
same nation. The groups’ objectives may be to gain full control of the entire nation or
a particular region, fight for regional independence, or fight to alter government
policies. For any given conflict to be termed as a civil war, it must be resulting from
the same country’s citizens. Several factors can lead a given country or region to
break into a war (Walter, 2017). Civil wars have been in existence for an extended
period. This essay will outline the causes of an outbreak of civil war concerning two
recent civil war instances. The current civil war instances will include the second civil
war in Yemen in 2015 and the Iraq civil war of 2017. The leading causes of civil war
are: power struggle, Marginalization of communities, state capacity, economic
restrictions, split in armed forces, military intervention, and territorial disputes.
Power struggle
Various factors can instigate war among the citizens of a given region, country, or
state. For example, in Yemen’s civil war, several main factors led to civil warfare.
, The main factor leading to the civil conflict in Yemen included the political struggle.
The quest for power in a given country can result in serious civil wars if not well dealt
with. Yemen’s war crisis started with the forceful transition of presidential powers
from the then-president Ali Saleh Abdullah to the then-deputy Mansour Hadi (Walter,
2017). The failed power transition led to tension in the country. This gesture led to the
division of the citizens of Yemen into subgroups. The situation intensified after the
Saudi-led association was involved following the 2015 ousting of a rebel group
Houthis out of the Hadi government. The rebel group later joined with the former
president, and the Saudi group joined the current president Hadi. These two groups
formed battlefronts, with Iran joining the rebel group as their primary international
backup issuing them with weapons. Iran had a history with Saudi Arabia leading to
the diversification of the conflict between the Houthis Group and the Saudi-led group
(Krickovic, & Weber, 2018). The United States, United Kingdom, and Canada were
allies of Saudi-led group and supplied them with weapons and the necessary
intelligence to launch an attack on Yemen.
State Capacity
When a state comes to a point where it is divided by power, two groups emerge. The
first group is that sees an opportunity while the second group expresses their
grievances. In this case, people who join a rebel group are driven by economic
welfares rather than social motives. The interests between the two social groups are
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