Exam (elaborations) Chapter 7 - Essential Cell Biology Exam Questions and Answers Exam (elaborations) Chapter 8 Essential Cell Biology Exam Questions and Answers Latest Update Exam (elaborations) Chapter 20 Essential Cell Biology (little focus on cancer sections) Exam Questions with Correct An...
[Show more]
Microglia: a) form the myelin sheath around axons in the peripheral nervous system b) stabilize and maintain normal concentration of ions in extracellular fluid c) are part of the brain's immune system d) contain neurotransmitter receptors and generate ESPSPs when excitatory neurotransmitter...
Preview 2 out of 8 pages
Add to cartMicroglia: a) form the myelin sheath around axons in the peripheral nervous system b) stabilize and maintain normal concentration of ions in extracellular fluid c) are part of the brain's immune system d) contain neurotransmitter receptors and generate ESPSPs when excitatory neurotransmitter...
7-3 Consider two genes that are next to each other on a chromosome, as arranged in Figure Q7-3. Which of the following statements is true? (a) The two genes must be transcribed into RNA using the same strand of DNA. (b) If gene A is transcribed in a cell, gene B cannot be transcribed. (c) Gene ...
Preview 2 out of 5 pages
Add to cart7-3 Consider two genes that are next to each other on a chromosome, as arranged in Figure Q7-3. Which of the following statements is true? (a) The two genes must be transcribed into RNA using the same strand of DNA. (b) If gene A is transcribed in a cell, gene B cannot be transcribed. (c) Gene ...
Which of the following statements about the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is false? (a) The ER is the major site for new membrane synthesis in the cell. (b) Proteins to be delivered to the ER lumen are synthesized on smooth ER. (c) Steroid hormones are synthesized on the smooth ER. (d) The ER m...
Preview 2 out of 15 pages
Add to cartWhich of the following statements about the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is false? (a) The ER is the major site for new membrane synthesis in the cell. (b) Proteins to be delivered to the ER lumen are synthesized on smooth ER. (c) Steroid hormones are synthesized on the smooth ER. (d) The ER m...
Both multicellular plants and animals have _____________________. (a) cells capable of locomotion. (b) cells with cell walls. (c) a cytoskeleton composed of actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. (d) tissues composed of multiple different cell types. - ANSWER-d Which of th...
Preview 2 out of 7 pages
Add to cartBoth multicellular plants and animals have _____________________. (a) cells capable of locomotion. (b) cells with cell walls. (c) a cytoskeleton composed of actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. (d) tissues composed of multiple different cell types. - ANSWER-d Which of th...
DNA contains sequences that: A. code for proteins. B. code for functional RNA molecules. C. are seemingly dispensable. D. regulate gene activity. E. All the above - ANSWER-E: All the above T/F: All cells require oxygen to live. - ANSWER-FALSE In what way are all cells alike? A. They a...
Preview 2 out of 6 pages
Add to cartDNA contains sequences that: A. code for proteins. B. code for functional RNA molecules. C. are seemingly dispensable. D. regulate gene activity. E. All the above - ANSWER-E: All the above T/F: All cells require oxygen to live. - ANSWER-FALSE In what way are all cells alike? A. They a...
Define cell - ANSWER-Cells are membrane enclosed units filled with aqueous solutions of chemicals and endowed with the ability to create copies of themselves by growing and dividing What are the universal features of cells on earth? - ANSWER-1. Hereditary info in the fertilized egg cell determine...
Preview 2 out of 7 pages
Add to cartDefine cell - ANSWER-Cells are membrane enclosed units filled with aqueous solutions of chemicals and endowed with the ability to create copies of themselves by growing and dividing What are the universal features of cells on earth? - ANSWER-1. Hereditary info in the fertilized egg cell determine...
DNA --->RNA--->Protein - ANSWER-In all living things, genetic information flows from __________ to _________ to ___________. Robert Hooke - ANSWER-By the 17th century, lenses were powerful enough to make out details invisible to the naked eye. Using an instrument equipped with such a lens, ...
Preview 2 out of 5 pages
Add to cartDNA --->RNA--->Protein - ANSWER-In all living things, genetic information flows from __________ to _________ to ___________. Robert Hooke - ANSWER-By the 17th century, lenses were powerful enough to make out details invisible to the naked eye. Using an instrument equipped with such a lens, ...
signal transduction - ANSWER-conversion of an impulse or stimulus from one physical or chemical form to another cell signaling - ANSWER-the molecular mechanisms by which cells detect and respond to external stimuli and send messages to other cells hormone - ANSWER-extracellular signal molecule...
Preview 3 out of 23 pages
Add to cartsignal transduction - ANSWER-conversion of an impulse or stimulus from one physical or chemical form to another cell signaling - ANSWER-the molecular mechanisms by which cells detect and respond to external stimuli and send messages to other cells hormone - ANSWER-extracellular signal molecule...
Life: - ANSWER-Cells are the fundamental units of life All living things are composed of cells Cells: - ANSWER-Membrane enclosed units filled with aqueous solution of chemicals and endowed with ability to create copies of themselves by growing and dividing Common features to all life forms: -...
Preview 2 out of 6 pages
Add to cartLife: - ANSWER-Cells are the fundamental units of life All living things are composed of cells Cells: - ANSWER-Membrane enclosed units filled with aqueous solution of chemicals and endowed with ability to create copies of themselves by growing and dividing Common features to all life forms: -...
alternative splicing - ANSWER-Splicing of RNA transcripts from the same gene in different ways, each of which produces a distinct protein. aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase - ANSWER-Enzyme that attaches the correct amino acid to a tRNA molecule to form an aminoacyl-tRNA. anticodon - ANSWER-Sequence of...
Preview 3 out of 16 pages
Add to cartalternative splicing - ANSWER-Splicing of RNA transcripts from the same gene in different ways, each of which produces a distinct protein. aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase - ANSWER-Enzyme that attaches the correct amino acid to a tRNA molecule to form an aminoacyl-tRNA. anticodon - ANSWER-Sequence of...
Epithelial Tissue - ANSWER-Tissue lines and covers; densely packed cells, some specialized Connective Tissue - ANSWER-Tissue with few cells, much extracellular matrix Muscle Tissue - ANSWER-Tissue that's skeletal, smooth, cardiac Nervous Tissue - ANSWER-Tissue for neurons and glial cells ...
Preview 2 out of 7 pages
Add to cartEpithelial Tissue - ANSWER-Tissue lines and covers; densely packed cells, some specialized Connective Tissue - ANSWER-Tissue with few cells, much extracellular matrix Muscle Tissue - ANSWER-Tissue that's skeletal, smooth, cardiac Nervous Tissue - ANSWER-Tissue for neurons and glial cells ...
cell cycle - ANSWER-The orderly sequence of events by which a cell duplicates and divides into two. M phase - ANSWER-Period of the eukaryotic cell cycle during which the nucleus and cytoplasm divide. interphase - ANSWER-Long period of the cell cycle between mitosis and the next. Includes G1 ph...
Preview 1 out of 4 pages
Add to cartcell cycle - ANSWER-The orderly sequence of events by which a cell duplicates and divides into two. M phase - ANSWER-Period of the eukaryotic cell cycle during which the nucleus and cytoplasm divide. interphase - ANSWER-Long period of the cell cycle between mitosis and the next. Includes G1 ph...
17-1) Which of the following types of cells would you expect to contain a high density of intermediate filaments in their cytoplasm? Explain. A. Amoeba proteus, B. Skin epithelial cells, C. Smooth muscle cells in the digestive tract, D. E. Coli, E. Nerve cell in the spinal cord, F. Sperm Cell, G. P...
Preview 2 out of 5 pages
Add to cart17-1) Which of the following types of cells would you expect to contain a high density of intermediate filaments in their cytoplasm? Explain. A. Amoeba proteus, B. Skin epithelial cells, C. Smooth muscle cells in the digestive tract, D. E. Coli, E. Nerve cell in the spinal cord, F. Sperm Cell, G. P...
Cytoskeleton - ANSWER-•A network of proteins that extend throughout the cytoplasm as well as the nucleus What are the functions of the cytoskeleton? - ANSWER-•Cell shape •Movement •Cell Adhesion •Intracellular traffic •Cell division •Other specialized functions What are the ...
Preview 2 out of 10 pages
Add to cartCytoskeleton - ANSWER-•A network of proteins that extend throughout the cytoplasm as well as the nucleus What are the functions of the cytoskeleton? - ANSWER-•Cell shape •Movement •Cell Adhesion •Intracellular traffic •Cell division •Other specialized functions What are the ...
How does cell-cell signaling influence animal development in an embryo? (3) - ANSWER--receive signals to designate their specialization -receive signals to where they will locate -receive signals on whether it will survive, die, or divide what is signal transduction? - ANSWER-the transmission o...
Preview 2 out of 11 pages
Add to cartHow does cell-cell signaling influence animal development in an embryo? (3) - ANSWER--receive signals to designate their specialization -receive signals to where they will locate -receive signals on whether it will survive, die, or divide what is signal transduction? - ANSWER-the transmission o...
Cell Respiration - ANSWER-Process by which cells harvest the energy stored in food molecules; usually accompanied by the uptake to O2 and the release of CO2. Oxidative Phosphorylation - ANSWER-Process in bacteria and mitochondria in which ATP formation is driven by the transfer of electrons from ...
Preview 2 out of 6 pages
Add to cartCell Respiration - ANSWER-Process by which cells harvest the energy stored in food molecules; usually accompanied by the uptake to O2 and the release of CO2. Oxidative Phosphorylation - ANSWER-Process in bacteria and mitochondria in which ATP formation is driven by the transfer of electrons from ...
plasma membrane - ANSWER-Fatty film so thin and transparent that it cannot be seen directly in the light of the light microscope. Structure is based on a two-ply sheet of lipid molecules about 5 nm - or 50 atoms - thick. Is penetrated by highly selective channels and pumps - protein molecules that a...
Preview 2 out of 5 pages
Add to cartplasma membrane - ANSWER-Fatty film so thin and transparent that it cannot be seen directly in the light of the light microscope. Structure is based on a two-ply sheet of lipid molecules about 5 nm - or 50 atoms - thick. Is penetrated by highly selective channels and pumps - protein molecules that a...
Housekeeping Proteins - ANSWER-Proteins common to many cell types, concerned with basic metabolic and structural functions. Regulatory DNA Sequences - ANSWER-DNA sequence to which a transcription regulator binds to determine when where & in what quantities a gene is to be transcribed into RNA. ...
Preview 1 out of 3 pages
Add to cartHousekeeping Proteins - ANSWER-Proteins common to many cell types, concerned with basic metabolic and structural functions. Regulatory DNA Sequences - ANSWER-DNA sequence to which a transcription regulator binds to determine when where & in what quantities a gene is to be transcribed into RNA. ...
Cancer - ANSWER-Disease caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell proliferation, followed by invasion and colonization of body sites normally reserved for other cells DNA Ligase - ANSWER-Enzyme that reseals nicks that occur in the backbone of a DNA molecule (in the lab, can be used to join togethe...
Preview 1 out of 2 pages
Add to cartCancer - ANSWER-Disease caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell proliferation, followed by invasion and colonization of body sites normally reserved for other cells DNA Ligase - ANSWER-Enzyme that reseals nicks that occur in the backbone of a DNA molecule (in the lab, can be used to join togethe...
DNA - ANSWER-Double stranded polynucleotide formed from two separate chains of covalently linked deoxyribonucleic units. It serves as the cell's store of genetic information that is transmitted from generation to generation. Double Helix - ANSWER-The typical structure of a DNA molecule in which ...
Preview 1 out of 2 pages
Add to cartDNA - ANSWER-Double stranded polynucleotide formed from two separate chains of covalently linked deoxyribonucleic units. It serves as the cell's store of genetic information that is transmitted from generation to generation. Double Helix - ANSWER-The typical structure of a DNA molecule in which ...
Predict what would happen to the secondary structure of a protein if an alcohol that disrupts hydrogen-bonding were added. Choose one or more: A. The β sheets would unfold, disrupting protein structure. B. The α helices would unfold, disrupting protein structure. C. Nothing would happen to th...
Preview 1 out of 4 pages
Add to cartPredict what would happen to the secondary structure of a protein if an alcohol that disrupts hydrogen-bonding were added. Choose one or more: A. The β sheets would unfold, disrupting protein structure. B. The α helices would unfold, disrupting protein structure. C. Nothing would happen to th...
Protein molecules - ANSWER-Long chains of amino acids held together by peptide bonds What are proteins referred to as? - ANSWER-Polypeptides (Amino acid chains are called polypeptide chains) What do proteins embedded in the plasma membrane form? - ANSWER-Channels and pumps that control the...
Preview 2 out of 10 pages
Add to cartProtein molecules - ANSWER-Long chains of amino acids held together by peptide bonds What are proteins referred to as? - ANSWER-Polypeptides (Amino acid chains are called polypeptide chains) What do proteins embedded in the plasma membrane form? - ANSWER-Channels and pumps that control the...
Which statement is true? Choose one: A. The heat released by an animal cell comes from the chemical bond energy present in the food molecules it metabolizes. B. A cell generates order by decreasing the entropy of its surroundings. C. The breakdown of food molecules generates heat, which cells th...
Preview 1 out of 4 pages
Add to cartWhich statement is true? Choose one: A. The heat released by an animal cell comes from the chemical bond energy present in the food molecules it metabolizes. B. A cell generates order by decreasing the entropy of its surroundings. C. The breakdown of food molecules generates heat, which cells th...
archaea - ANSWER-One of the two divisions of prokaryote, often found in hostile environments such as hot springs or concentrated brine. bacteria - ANSWER-Commonly used name for any prokaryotic organism, but more precisely refers to the eubacteria, the "true bacteria," one of the three major dom...
Preview 2 out of 15 pages
Add to cartarchaea - ANSWER-One of the two divisions of prokaryote, often found in hostile environments such as hot springs or concentrated brine. bacteria - ANSWER-Commonly used name for any prokaryotic organism, but more precisely refers to the eubacteria, the "true bacteria," one of the three major dom...
Cells - ANSWER-The basic unit from which a living organism is made; consists of an aqueous solution of organic molecules enclosed by a membrane. Cell Biology - ANSWER-The study of cells and their structure, function and behavior. Cilium (cilia) - ANSWER-Hairlike structure made of microtubules ...
Preview 2 out of 5 pages
Add to cartCells - ANSWER-The basic unit from which a living organism is made; consists of an aqueous solution of organic molecules enclosed by a membrane. Cell Biology - ANSWER-The study of cells and their structure, function and behavior. Cilium (cilia) - ANSWER-Hairlike structure made of microtubules ...
What would be the most obvious outcome of repeated cell cycles consisting of S phase and M phase only? (a) Cells would not be able to replicate their DNA. (b) The mitotic spindle could not assemble. (c) Cells would get larger and larger. (d) The cells produced would get smaller and smaller. - AN...
Preview 2 out of 7 pages
Add to cartWhat would be the most obvious outcome of repeated cell cycles consisting of S phase and M phase only? (a) Cells would not be able to replicate their DNA. (b) The mitotic spindle could not assemble. (c) Cells would get larger and larger. (d) The cells produced would get smaller and smaller. - AN...
What is a similarity between a liver and kidney cell? - ANSWER-Both cells have the same DNA. Both cells are generated during the animal's embryological development. What are some differences between a liver and kidney cell? - ANSWER-Both cells express different genes, which produces different p...
Preview 2 out of 5 pages
Add to cartWhat is a similarity between a liver and kidney cell? - ANSWER-Both cells have the same DNA. Both cells are generated during the animal's embryological development. What are some differences between a liver and kidney cell? - ANSWER-Both cells express different genes, which produces different p...
What two methods does proteins use to tell other proteins what they need? - ANSWER-Protein/protein interactions Protein/molecule interactions The Signal that cells receive are converted to a _________ ______. (like a cellphone) - ANSWER-cellular response Signaling Cascade Order - ANSWER-extra...
Preview 2 out of 13 pages
Add to cartWhat two methods does proteins use to tell other proteins what they need? - ANSWER-Protein/protein interactions Protein/molecule interactions The Signal that cells receive are converted to a _________ ______. (like a cellphone) - ANSWER-cellular response Signaling Cascade Order - ANSWER-extra...
What is a selective barrier? - ANSWER-Within a membrane, there are different concentrations of molecules than the outside of the membrane. What is an internal membrane? - ANSWER-A membrane on an organelle What is the diffusion across a barrier dependent on? - ANSWER-Size and solubility List...
Preview 3 out of 19 pages
Add to cartWhat is a selective barrier? - ANSWER-Within a membrane, there are different concentrations of molecules than the outside of the membrane. What is an internal membrane? - ANSWER-A membrane on an organelle What is the diffusion across a barrier dependent on? - ANSWER-Size and solubility List...
Which of the following statements about the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is false? - ANSWER-B ) Proteins to be delivered to the ER lumen are synthesized on smooth Er Which of the following statements about membrane-enclosed organelles is true? (a) In a typical cell, the area of the endoplasmic re...
Preview 2 out of 12 pages
Add to cartWhich of the following statements about the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is false? - ANSWER-B ) Proteins to be delivered to the ER lumen are synthesized on smooth Er Which of the following statements about membrane-enclosed organelles is true? (a) In a typical cell, the area of the endoplasmic re...
Glycolysis is an anaerobic process used to catabolize glucose. What does it mean for this process to be anaerobic? (a) no oxygen is required (b) no oxidation occurs (c) it takes place in the lysosome (d) glucose is broken down by the addition of electrons - ANSWER-A Which of the followin...
Preview 3 out of 16 pages
Add to cartGlycolysis is an anaerobic process used to catabolize glucose. What does it mean for this process to be anaerobic? (a) no oxygen is required (b) no oxidation occurs (c) it takes place in the lysosome (d) glucose is broken down by the addition of electrons - ANSWER-A Which of the followin...
ions - ANSWER-atoms that gains electrons or lose electrons and become charged ionic bond - ANSWER-bond created from opposite charges; a salt and a non-salt bonded electrostatic attraction - ANSWER-attractive force between oppositely charged atoms, weak in water covalent bonds - ANSWER-elect...
Preview 2 out of 15 pages
Add to cartions - ANSWER-atoms that gains electrons or lose electrons and become charged ionic bond - ANSWER-bond created from opposite charges; a salt and a non-salt bonded electrostatic attraction - ANSWER-attractive force between oppositely charged atoms, weak in water covalent bonds - ANSWER-elect...
A Germ cell contains - ANSWER-sperm and egg Germ cells are - ANSWER-diploid the gametes are - ANSWER-haploid (egg or sperm) germ cells (egg and sperm) combine to form? - ANSWER-zygote The zygote is haploid or diploid? - ANSWER-diploid materal and paternal homologs contain - ANSWER-sam...
Preview 2 out of 5 pages
Add to cartA Germ cell contains - ANSWER-sperm and egg Germ cells are - ANSWER-diploid the gametes are - ANSWER-haploid (egg or sperm) germ cells (egg and sperm) combine to form? - ANSWER-zygote The zygote is haploid or diploid? - ANSWER-diploid materal and paternal homologs contain - ANSWER-sam...
B. extracellular matrix - ANSWER-Supportive tissues, such as bone or wood, derive their strength from: A. cells B. extracellular matrix C. cytoskeletal filaments C. turgor pressure - ANSWER-The driving force for plant cell growth is: A. excess sunlight B. extracellular signaling C. turgor ...
Preview 2 out of 6 pages
Add to cartB. extracellular matrix - ANSWER-Supportive tissues, such as bone or wood, derive their strength from: A. cells B. extracellular matrix C. cytoskeletal filaments C. turgor pressure - ANSWER-The driving force for plant cell growth is: A. excess sunlight B. extracellular signaling C. turgor ...
Chapter 8 - ANSWER-Control of Gene Expression gene expression - ANSWER-A complex process by which cells selectively direct the synthesis of the many thousands of proteins and RNAs encoded in their genome Differentiation - ANSWER-process in which cells become specialized in structure and functi...
Preview 2 out of 5 pages
Add to cartChapter 8 - ANSWER-Control of Gene Expression gene expression - ANSWER-A complex process by which cells selectively direct the synthesis of the many thousands of proteins and RNAs encoded in their genome Differentiation - ANSWER-process in which cells become specialized in structure and functi...
Central Dogma - ANSWER-Genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein. What base is not present in RNA? - ANSWER-T In RNA what base pairs with a base A? - ANSWER-U An RNA molecule can fold into complex 3D shapes because - ANSWER-it is single stranded. All of the RNA in a cell is ma...
Preview 1 out of 4 pages
Add to cartCentral Dogma - ANSWER-Genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein. What base is not present in RNA? - ANSWER-T In RNA what base pairs with a base A? - ANSWER-U An RNA molecule can fold into complex 3D shapes because - ANSWER-it is single stranded. All of the RNA in a cell is ma...
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller lectknancy. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
No, you only buy these notes for $40.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
76799 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now