BUNDLED FNDH 400 exams with verified complete solutions 2023 updated 100% correct.

Macronutrients - carbohydrates, proteins, and fats needed in larger amounts Micronutrients - vitamins and minerals needed in smaller amounts Understand what a "calorie," as used by the public, represents - A "calorie" referred to by the general public is otherwise known as a kilocalorie ...

Carbohydrates are made of - Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen Proteins are made of - Carbon, Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen Lipids include - fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids Lipids are made of - Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen Macronutrients definition - Nutrients needed in large amounts Micronu...

Life of Enterocytes - In the crypts of Lieberkuhn (the pits between villi), stem cells are produced which can create enterocytes. As the cells mature, they migrate to the top of the villi, and thus the most mature are on the tips of the villi. 72 hours after an enterocyte enters the villi from the c...

Crypts of Lieberkuhn - pits b/w villi Do crypts contain stem cells true/false - true Enterocytes a type of cell from the stem cells in crypt mature as you go down more into the crypts true/false - False enterocytes mature as the resin or migrate up the villus out of the crypt What happen to...

Fat Soluble Vitamins - A D E K Water Soluble Vitamins - -all the B Vitamins and Vitamin C E.V. McCollum recognized 2 factor deficiencies resulted in different diseases. What where the 2 factors - -Factor A eventually came to be known as Vitamin A -Factor B was found to be multiple factors,...

Scientific name of vitamin C - - ascorbate or ascorbic acid - oxidized form: dehydroascorbic acid or dehydroascorbate - found in foods as ascorbic acid (80-90%) or dehydroascorbic acid (10-20%) Why do humans need vitamin C? - We do not synthesize vitamin C, meaning we must consume it - this...

Where does the name Vitamin come from? - Vital amines --> Vitamines, but when it was discovered they weren't amines, the E was dropped Fat soluble vitamins - A, D, E, K Water Soluble Vitamins - C, B What B vitamin numbers are missing? Why? - B4, B8, B10, B11 Were discovered and then re...

1-Carbon Metabolism - Focused on the metabolism, or movement, of methyl groups Specifically single carbon, primarily -CH3 groups Folic Acid - Synthetic Monoglutamate Oxidized form Stable Folate - Natural Reduced form Contains multiple glutamates in tail Heat and light s...