Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances Chapter 19 with Complete Solutions
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Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances
Institution
Fluid, Electrolyte, And Acid-Base Imbalances
Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base
Imbalances Chapter 19 with Complete
Solutions
What is the primary buffer system in the human body?
- A. Phosphate buffer system
- B. Protein buffer system
- C. Bicarbonate buffer system
- D. Hemoglobin buffer system
C. Bicarbonate buffer system
A pa...
Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base
Imbalances Chapter 19 with Complete
Solutions
What is the primary buffer system in the human body?
- A. Phosphate buffer system
- B. Protein buffer system
- C. Bicarbonate buffer system
- D. Hemoglobin buffer system
✔✔ C. Bicarbonate buffer system
A patient with severe vomiting is at risk for which acid-base imbalance?
- A. Metabolic acidosis
- B. Respiratory acidosis
- C. Metabolic alkalosis
- D. Respiratory alkalosis
✔✔ C. Metabolic alkalosis
Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely to cause life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias?
1
,- A. Hypernatremia
- B. Hypokalemia
- C. Hypermagnesemia
- D. Hypophosphatemia
✔✔ B. Hypokalemia
What is the most common cause of respiratory acidosis?
- A. Hyperventilation
- B. Hypoventilation
- C. Excessive oxygen administration
- D. Severe dehydration
✔✔ B. Hypoventilation
Which laboratory value indicates dehydration?
- A. Low urine specific gravity
- B. Elevated hematocrit
- C. Decreased serum sodium
- D. Low serum chloride
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, ✔✔ B. Elevated hematocrit
What is the compensatory mechanism for metabolic acidosis?
- A. Kidneys retain bicarbonate
- B. Lungs increase carbon dioxide retention
- C. Kidneys excrete hydrogen ions
- D. Lungs increase the respiratory rate
✔✔ D. Lungs increase the respiratory rate
A patient presents with confusion, muscle weakness, and an irregular heartbeat. Which
electrolyte imbalance should be suspected?
- A. Hypocalcemia
- B. Hyperkalemia
- C. Hyponatremia
- D. Hypomagnesemia
✔✔ B. Hyperkalemia
What is the main treatment for a patient with hyponatremia due to fluid overload?
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