Gerontology HESI test Questions and
complete answers
Lavage
Gastric lavage is used to cleanse the stomach of a poison, overdose of medication, or other
toxic substance. It is delivered through a nasogastric tube - ✔✔-The cleansing of the
stomach with solution delivered through a nasogastric tube is known as what?
Gavage
Emesis
Lavage
Stomach pumping
Lean red meat
Dialysis patients are encouraged to eat lean meat, including red meat. High quality proteins
produce less waste and help the body heal and maintain regular processes. Dialysis patients
should avoid foods high in potassium, including avocado, banana, and dried fruit, and should
eat other potassium-containing foods in moderation. - ✔✔-You are providing care to a
patient who has recently begun dialysis. Her daughter, with whom she lives and who
prepares many of her meals, asks what types of foods she should incorporate into her diet
and which she should avoid. Which of the following is NOT a food that this patient should
be advised to avoid?
Avocado.
Lean red meat.
Dried fruit.
Bananas.
Migraines
Peptic Ulcer Disease is a gastrointestinal disorder. Other differential diagnoses of the
condition are pancreatitis and biliary tract disease. - ✔✔-Your 89-year-old patient
presents with dyspepsia and nausea. After testing, you determine she is positive for Peptic
,Ulcer Disease. Of the following, which would LEAST likely be a differential diagnosis for
Peptic Ulcer Disease?
Cholecystitis.
Migraines.
Gastric carcinoma.
Cardiovascular disease.
Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange
Ask about tobacco use, Advise to quit, Assess willingness to make an attempt to quit,
Assist in this quit attempt. Arrange a follow-up. - ✔✔-There are a good many diseases
affecting the elderly that are the result of smoking. Counseling regarding smoking
cessation is part of the GNP's job. The components of brief intervention for treating
tobacco use are:
Counsel, Document, Caution, Describe, Demonstrate
Advise, Confer, Describe, Document, Prescribe
Advise, Counsel, Intervene, Prescribe, Follow-up
Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange
Wheal
Cyst: encapsulated, fluid-filled mass that varies in size. Bulla: fluid-filled, elevated,
circumscribed lesion that's larger than 5mm. Wheal: circumscribed, reddening with
transient elevation lesion that's 0.5 to 10mm diameter. Plaques: usually a grouping of
papules; elevated and a variety of shapes; larger than 5mm. - ✔✔-Mrs. Frasier, an
50-year-old patient, presents with a mosquito bite that she is concerned about. How do
you diagnose this?
Cyst.
Bulla.
Wheal.
Plaques.
males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
,Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is more prevalent in males than in females. The
American Heart Association recommends screening males once between ages 65-75 if they
have ever smoked since that increases the risk of AAA. - ✔✔-Which of the following
groups should be tested for abdominal aortic aneurysm?
males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
females aged 65-75 who have hypertension
males and females over 75
females over 75
Metronidazole.
The preceding drugs are typically used in treating the following: - Campylobacter jejuni:
Erythromycin - Salmonella: Ampicillin - Shigella: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole - Giardia
lamblia: Metronidazole - ✔✔-With a giardia lamblia diagnosis, the NP would MOST likely
prescribe what medication?
Metronidazole.
Erythromycin.
Ampicillin.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
He needs no treatment.
To develop Lyme Disease from a tick bite, many factors must be present. The tick must
belong to Ixodes species and must have been attached for at least 48 hours before the
disease can spread. There is no need for prophylactic treatment in this case because the
tick has not been present long enough. - ✔✔-A 65-year-old Caucasian male calls your
office. He tells you he just came in from the woods and discovered a tick on his upper
right thigh. He reports self removal of the tick and now the area is slightly red. What
should you advise him to do?
He should come to the office for a ceftriaxone (Rocephin) injection.
He should be prescribed doxycycline.
He needs no treatment.
, He needs a topical scrub to prevent Lyme Disease.
Eyes
Neurologist - Brain / nerves Ophthalmologist - Eyes Orthopedist - Bones / Joints /
Muscles Otolaryngologist - Ears / Throat - ✔✔-As part of the treatment plan for your
elderly patient, you recommend he see an Ophthalmologist. What body part(s) will this
doctor evaluate?
Brain / nerves.
Eyes.
Bones / Joints / Muscles.
Ears / Throat.
platelet range
Due to the physiological changes of aging, red blood cell values tend to decrease, white
blood cell counts tend to decrease slightly, hemoglobin values slightly decrease, but
platelet range does not vary. - ✔✔-As a GNP you understand that due to physiological
changes of aging, some laboratory test results will have age-related changes. Which of the
following values would be the least likely to be affected?
red blood cell values
white blood cell counts
platelet range
hemoglobin values
50% of the older adult population suffer from some form of dementia.
This statement is not true. It is estimated that between 10 and 20% of the older adult
population suffer from some form of dementia. There are 1.2 million cases in the United
States in people over the age of 65. - ✔✔-The family of a patient with dementia has
asked you to tell them more about this condition. You would tell them all of the following
except:
Dementia is the leading reason for institutionalization of older adults.
