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NURS 350 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1
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NURS 350 PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1Pharmacokinetics
the study of drug movement throughout the body
Pharmacokinetics involves
absorption, distribution, metabolism,
excretion,
time course of drug responses
For a drug to directly penetrate the membrane it must be
lipid soluble
polar molecule
-molecule with an unequal distribution of charge
-no net charge
Ions
molecule that have a net electrical charge
Quaternary ammonium compounds
molecules that contain at least one atom of nitrogen and carry a positive charge
at all times
pH-dependent ionization
,Acid is a proton donor - tends to ionize in basic (alkaline) media
Base is a proton acceptor - tends to ionize in acidic media
pH partitioning (Ion trapping)
-acidic drugs accumulate on the alkaline side
-basic drugs accumulate on the acidic side
absorption is
Refers to the passage of medication molecules into the blood from site of
adminstration
the rate of absorption determines
how soon effects will begin
the amount of absorption determines
how intense the effects will be
Factors that affect drug absorption
-rate of dissolution
-surface area
-blood flow
-lipid solubility
-pH partitioning
Intravenous route of administration
barrier- have to have IV access
Advantage- fast
disadvantage- dangerous
Intramuscular route of administration
, barrier- muscle
absorption pattern- if it finds a good muscle
advantages- slow, good for steady absorption
disadvantages- hit with needle
Distribution
movement of drugs throughout the body
abscesses and tumors on distribution
low regional blood flow, no internal blood vessels, limited blood supply
exiting the vascular system
drugs pass between capillary cells rather than through them
blood-brain barrier
only lipid soluble/ transportation system can cross
teratogenic
having adverse effects on the fetus
lock and key
Model of enzyme activity that explains how a particular enzyme will only fit
with one particular type of substrate.
most abundant protein in the body
albumin
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