Exam (elaborations)
NSG-3280 EXAM 3 Questions with Verified Answers 2024.
- Course
- NSG-3280
- Institution
- Galen College Of Nursing
NSG-3280 EXAM 3 Questions with Verified Answers 2024.
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NSG-3280 EXAM 3 Questions with Verified Answers 2024primary injury
initial damage to the brain that results from the traumatic
event
not reversible
secondary injury
an injury to the brain subsequent to the original traumatic
event, may cause more harm than initial injury
progressive with delayed cell death
The more time that the injury effects the brain
the more tissue that is affected/gone (Time is tissue)
The three types of mechanisms of brain injury
ischemia, hypoxia, increased ICP
The three compartments of the cranium include:
Brain tissue, CSF, and blood
ICP IS PRODUCT OF THE VOLUME OF THESE 3
The normal range of ICP is
0-15mm Hg
If one of the compartments in the cranium increases, what
happen to the other two parts?
they decrease
Complications of increased ICP
brain herniation (thru the dura) and brain compression
What could happen if there is a sudden decrease in CSF
fluid?
Brain herniation
,If the patient has increased ICP, should you do a lumbar
puncture?
Hell no
delirious
in an acutely disturbed state of mind resulting from illness
or intoxication and characterized by restlessness,
illusions, and incoherence of thought and speech.
Obtunded
Less than full alertness (altered level of consciousness),
typically as a result of a medical condition or trauma.
Arrousable with voice or touch, falls asleep quickly
Stuporous
Deep states of sleep: vigorous stimulation is required to
arouse but pt cannot stay awake
comatose
Unable to be aroused, even with vigorous painful stimuli;
motor responses,such as withdrawal or posturing, may
occur
Decorticate posturing
Contractures toward their core; abnormal flexor
Decerebrate posturing
posturing in which the neck is extended with jaw
clenched; arms are pronated, extended, and close to the
sides; legs are extended straight out; more ominous sign
of brain stem damage.
abnormal extension
Most Severe.
, dysconjugate gaze
paralysis of gaze or lack of coordination between the
movements of the two eyes
ocular palsies
One or more cranial nerves dysfunctional such that motor
paralysis of the eye impairs movements in one or more
directions
Doll's eye reflex
when you move the head, the eyes should move, then
return to a central position; in some brain injuries, the
eyes will stay midline
cold calorics test
tests for brain stem function with cold water. Eyes should
divert to the side where cold water is being put on
coup (focal) injury
brain injury at the site of impact to the skull
contrecoup (polar) injury
acceleration-deceleration movement, brain shifting inside
skull
GCS is taken in the first________ hours after a TBI
48
GCS:
<8- severe
9-12- moderate
>12- mild
The primary injury after a TBI is a
hematoma:
epidural (extradural)
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