INBDE Pharmacology Exam Questions and Revised Answers 100% Correct
3 views 0 purchase
Course
INBDE Pharmacology
Institution
INBDE Pharmacology
INBDE Pharmacology Exam Questions and Revised Answers 100% Correct
What is the only Local Anesthesia that causes vasoconstriction? - Answer- Cocaine
What Local Anesthesia can produce powerful stimulation of cerebral cortex? - Answer- Cocaine because it BLOCKS reuptake of NE, which potentiates ...
INBDE Pharmacology Exam Questions
and Revised Answers 100% Correct
What is the only Local Anesthesia that causes vasoconstriction? - Answer- Cocaine
What Local Anesthesia can produce powerful stimulation of cerebral cortex? - Answer-
Cocaine because it BLOCKS reuptake of NE, which potentiates nerve endings
Which antibiotics are not cross-allergenic with Penicillin? - Answer- Macrolides like
Erythromycin
What is the Medication of choice for Chronic Asthma? - Answer- Corticosteroids
HIV Medication - Answer- 1. Anti-Retroviral Medications such as Zidovudine
Bisphosphonates - Answer- 1. PREVENT Bone Resorption by causing Osteoclasts ->
Apoptosis
-INCREASES Bone Density
-SLOW Tooth Movement
-IMPAIRS Bone Healing
-Can lead to OSTEONECROSIS
Bisphosphonates are used against - Answer- 1. Osteoporosis
2. Paget's Dx
3. Multiple Myeloma
4. Metastatic Bone Lesions of Various Cancers
Bisphosphonate List and Relative Potency - Answer- -End in "-Nate"
1. Etidronate (1)
2. Tiludronate and Clodronate (10)
3. Pamidronate (100) (IV)
4. Alendronate (1000) (Oral)
5. Risedronate and Ibandronate (5000) (Oral)
6. Zolendronate (10000) (IV)
Bisphosphonate Pharmacokinetics - Answer- 1. Oral has LOWER Bioavailability then IV
2. HIGH Binding Affinity to Calcium, Iron and Magnesium in Intestinal Tract
3. HIGHER Concentrations in TRABECULAR Bone versus Cortical Bone
Bisphosphonate Pharmacodynamics - Answer- 1. REDUCES Osteoclast FUNCTION +
NUMBER
2. NITROGEN Side Groups INCREASE Potency
,Ester Local Anesthetics - Answer- Procaine, Tetracaine and Cocaine
Amide Local Anesthetics - Answer- Anything that is NOT Procaine, Tetracaine or
Cocaine and ends in "-caine"
Lidocaine - Answer- 1. SAFEST to use in children
2. 2%
3. pKa = 7.8
Bupivacaine - Answer- 1. LEAST SAFE to use in children
2. 0.5%
3. pKa = 8.1
Mepivicaine - Answer- 1. Causes LEAST amount of Vasodilation, thus can be packaged
WITHOUT Epinephrine
2. 2% or 3%
3. pKa = 7.6
Articaine - Answer- 1. Has an Ester Chain and Amide Chain, thus can be metabolized in
BOTH Liver and Plasma
2. 4%
3. pKa = 7.8
Where are Amides metabolized? - Answer- Liver
Where are Esters metabolized? - Answer- Plasma via Esterases
What toxic effect can Prilocaine cause? - Answer- Methemoglobinemia
How do Local Anesthetics work? - Answer- Block Na+ Channels
What form of Local Anesthetics can cross membrane? - Answer- Free Base or NON-
Ionized
Short Acting Local Anesthetics - Answer- Procaine
Moderate Acting Local Anesthetics - Answer- Prilocaine, Mepivacaine and Lidocaine
Long Acting Local Anesthetics - Answer- Bupivacaine, Tetracaine and Etidocaine
What does increased blood flow do to drug duration? - Answer- SHORTENS
What does increased lipid solubility/hydrophobicity do to drug potency and duration? -
Answer- INCREASES
, What does lower pKa do to drug activation time? - Answer- Makes it FASTER
What does increased protein binding do to drug duration? - Answer- INCREASES
MAX Epi for ASA I Patient - Answer- 0.2mg
MAX Epi for Cardiac Patient - Answer- 0.04mg (1x 1:50,000 or 2x 1:100,000 or 4x
1:200,000)
MAX Lido with Epi - Answer- 4.4mg/kg
MAX Lido without Epi - Answer- 7.0mg/kg
What is the injection technique that has highest risk of hematoma? - Answer- PSA
How much of needle is required to enter for PSA? - Answer- 16mm
Lidocaine and Propranolol - Answer- 1. Propranolol DECREASES Lidocaine Breakdown
2. Compete for SAME Enzyme
Initially, Local Anesthetics inhibit... - Answer- Central Inhibitory Neurons
At greater doses, Local Anesthetics inhibit... - Answer- BOTH Central Inhibitory and
Excitatory Neurons
Local Anesthesia and Graves Disease (Hyperthyroidism) - Answer- Graves Disease =
Hyperthyroidism, which makes patient MORE SENSITIVE to LA
Cardiovascular collapse due to high dose of LA may be caused by - Answer- Myocardial
Depression
Penicillin prescription - Answer- 250-500mg, dispense 30 (loading dose) or 28 and take
1 every 6 hrs until gone
Clindamycin prescription - Answer- 150-300mg, dispense 21 and take 1 every 8 hrs
until gone
Amoxicillin prescription - Answer- 500mg, dispense 21 and take 1 every 8 hrs until gone
How do bactericidal antibiotics such as penicillin work? - Answer- INHIBIT Cell Wall
Synthesis
How do bacteriostatic antibiotics such as tetracycline work? - Answer- INHIBIT Protein
Synthesis via BINDING to Ribosomes
Sulfonamides - Answer- 1. Start with "Sulfa-" and Bactrim
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Scholarsstudyguide. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
