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UNE Biochemistry Midterm Study Bank
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UNE Biochemistry Midterm Study Bank
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UNE Biochemistry Midterm Study BankSuccinate is a substrate for which complex in the electron transport chain?
a.) Complex 1 (NADH-1 oxidoreductase)
b.) Complex IV (Cyt c oxidase)
c.) Complex V (ATP synthase)
d.) complex II (Succinate-Q reductase) - Answers -Complex II (succinate-Q reductase)
(D)
Which of the following would be consistent with an exergonic reaction?
a.) ∆S would be negative
b.) ∆G would be negative
c.) ∆S would be positive
d.)∆G would be positive - Answers -∆G would be negative (B)
Which of the following describes the malate-aspartate shuttle system?
a.) Carries NADH from the cytoplasm directly into the mitochondria
b.) Generates 2.5 molecules of ATP in mitochondria per each NADH from glycolysis
c.) Moves NADH from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm
d.) Relies on malate dehydrogenase in the inner mitochondrial membrane
e.) Requires reduction of pyruvate to lactate for oxidizing NADH - Answers -Generates
2.5 molecules of ATP in mitochondria per each NADH from glycolysis (B)
ATP is a high energy molecule that is often hydrolyzed during reactions. The energy
within ATP is stored primarily in which of the following components of the molecule?
a.) In the high energy phosphate bonds
b.) In the adenine base
,c.) In the D-ribose group - Answers -In the high energy phosphate bonds (A)
Dinitrophenol is an uncoupler of the electron transport chain. The addition of
dinitrophenol will have which of the following impacts?
a.) Decrease the pH of the intermembrane space
b.) Increase oxygen consumption
c.) Decrease oxidation of NADH
d.) Increase ATP production - Answers -Increase oxygen consumption (B)
In the malate aspartate shuttle, glutamate is converted to _______ in the mitochondria
while aspartate is converted to _______ in the cytosol.
a.) Oxaloacetate; malate
b.) alpha-ketoglutarate; oxaloacetate
c.) Oxaloacetate; glutamate
d.) Aspartate; alpha-ketoglutarate
e.) Malate; oxaloacetate - Answers -alpha-ketoglutarate; oxaloacetate (B)
The glycerophosphate shuttle is a major shuttle of most tissues. Which of the following
best describes the transfer of electrons by this shuttle?
a.) Electrons are directly transferred from glycerol-3-phosphate to NAD containing
glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase
b.) Electrons are directly transferred from glycerol-3-phosphate to an FAD containing
glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase
c.) Electrons are directly transferred from DHAP (dihydroxyacetone phosphate) to an
FAD containing glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase
d.) Electrons are directly transferred from glycerol-3-phosphate and DHAP - Answers -
Electrons are directly transferred from glycerol-3-phosphate to FAD containing glycerol
phosphate dehydrogenase (B)
Heat can be generated by brown adipose tissue in hibernating mammals. Which of the
following is most likely the mechanism by which this occurs?
, a.) Increased ATP production by ATP synthase
b.) Expression of a protein that uncouples the ETC
c.) An increased pH gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane
d.) A decrease in oxygen consumption - Answers -Expression of a protein that
uncouples the ETC (B)
Allosteric activators of hemoglobin will increase binding through what mechanism? -
Answers -Binding the protein, and keeping it in the "R" conformation
An enzyme has a mutation within the substate binding site that reduces the binding of
the coenzyme needed for covalent catalysis. What is likely to result as a consequence
of this mutation? - Answers -The enzyme will not be able to form the transition state
complex
How do most enzymes reduce activation energy needed to move a reaction forward? -
Answers -Providing an active site most complimentary to the transition state
Under which energy conditions, AMP will bind to phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK1) and
glycogen phosphorylase at site unique of the active site. This enhances the activity of
these enzymes. This is an example of which of the following types of enzyme
regulation?
a.) Allosteric activation
b.) Allosteric inhibition
c.) Competitive inhibition
d.) Covalent modification - Answers -Allosteric activation (A)
Which of the following best describes an enzyme inhibitor that increases the Km, but
does not change the V-max?
a.) Inhibition by covalent modification
b.) A non-competitive inhibitor
c.) An allosteric inhibitor
d.) A competitive inhibitor - Answers -A competitive inhibitor (D)
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