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NR 283 Final Exam Study Guide Questions and Complete Solutions Graded A+
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NR 283 Final Exam Study Guide Questions and Complete Solutions Graded A+
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NR 283 Final ExamStudy Guide Questions
and Complete Solutions
Graded A+
what are the clinical manifestation for alterations in arousal? - Answer: level of conscious changes which
is the most critical evidence, pattern of breathing evaluates level of brain dysfunction, pupillary changes
indicate level of brain stem dysfunction, oculomotor responses and motor response which help evaluate
level of dysfunction and damaged side
Brain Death is what? - Answer: total brain death, body can no longer maintain internal homeostasis,
unresponsive coma, no spontaneous respirations, no brain stem function and flat EEG
What is cerebral death? - Answer: irreversible coma and death of the cerebral hemispheres exclusive of
the brain stem and cerebellum, and the bran can continue to maintain internal homeostasis.
what are the 4 types of cerebral death? - Answer: coma, vegetative state which they can open their eyes
and have normal sleep, minimal conscious state which they have small movements and follow
commands and locked-in syndrome which the brain is conscious and body is paralyzed.
what is a seizure - Answer: sudden, transient, alteration of brain function caused by abrupt discharge of
cerebral neurons
what is the cause of a seizure - Answer: cerebral lesions or trauma, biochemical disorders
Epilepsy is what, and results from what? - Answer: continuous seizure with no known trigger, results
from interaction of mutations and environmental factors and epileptic neurons.
, What are the phases of seizures? - Answer: tonic phase which is contraction, clonic phase which is
relaxation and postictal phase which is sleepiness or tired.
what are the CM of seizures? - Answer: aura which is a warning sign, prodroma which are physical
symptoms, fatigue, N and headache, increase in oxygen consumption, prolonged seizure can cause
damage
what are the 3 types of dysphasia? - Answer: expressive which is Broca and deficit of expression,
receptive which is wernicke and deficit of comprehension, and transcortical which is echolalia.
what is acute confusional state or ACS - Answer: transient disorder of awareness that result from
cerebral dysfunction.
ACS is caused by - Answer: secondary to drug intoxication, metabolic disorder, nervous system disease
ACS cm - Answer: impaired or lost detection, inability to concentrate, restless, irritable, and compulsive
behavior
what is delirium - Answer: more severe type of ACS, with worsening symptoms.
what is dementia - Answer: group of symptoms that cause progressive failure of cerebral functions of
orientation, memory, language, behavior and judgement and decision making
dementia CM and causes - Answer: infection, atherosclerosis, trauma, and genetics
alzheimer disease or AD is caused by - Answer: deficiencies of neurochemical factors, trauma and
genetic mutations
AD pathologic features are - Answer: neuron tangles, plaques and degeneration
AD CM IS WHAT - Answer: forgetfulness, emotional upset, memory loss, confusion, mood changes,
problem solving and judgement difficulty
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