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BIO 181 NAU- Exam 1 with Complete Solutions
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BIO 181 NAU- Exam 1 with Complete Solutions
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BIO 181 NAU- Exam 1 with CompleteSolutions
What are the four main organic elements? ANSWER-Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen
What elements are found in hydrocarbon? ANSWER-Hydro and carbon
What are the three categories of macromolecules? ANSWER-Proteins, Carbohydrates,
Nucleic Acids (lipids too)
What is a monomer? ANSWER-A small molecule
What are the monomers of each macromolecule? ANSWER-Monosaccharide = carbs
amino acids = proteins
nucleotides = nucleic acids
Monosaccharide ANSWER-Monomer for carbs
Amino acids ANSWER-monomer for proteins
Nucleotides ANSWER-monomer for nucleic acid
Polymers for each macromolecule? ANSWER-Disaccharide, Polysaccharide = carbs
Polypeptide = proteins
Polynucleotides = nucleic acids
, Polysaccharide and Disaccharide ANSWER-polymers for carbs
Polypeptide ANSWER-polymer for proteins
Polynucleotides ANSWER-polymers for nucleic acids
What are the bonds that form disaccharides called? ANSWER-Glycosidic bond
What are the bonds that form polypeptides called? ANSWER-Peptide bonds
What are the bonds that form polynucleotides called? ANSWER-Phosphodiester bonds
Denaturation ANSWER-An unfavorable change in temperature and/or pH which causes a
protein to unravel and lose it's shape.
Examples of misfolded proteins ANSWER-Alzheimer's, mad cow, and parkinson's disease.
Function of nucleic acids ANSWER-Stores information and provides directions for building
proteins.
Two types of nucleic acids? ANSWER-Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic acid
(RNA)
DNA ANSWER-Stores genetic information encoded in the sequence of nucleotide
monomers
RNA ANSWER-Decodes DNA into instructions for linking together specific sequence of
amino acids to form a polypeptide bond.
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