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NMAT Reviewer: Social Science Section Study Questions and Answers 100% Pass What do you call the historical, economic, social, and cultural factors that influence mental processes and behavior? - ANSWER-Context *Everything that people think, say, and do is affected and influenced by these facto...

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  • November 11, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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NMAT Reviewer: Social Science Section

Study Questions and Answers 100% Pass


What do you call the historical, economic, social, and cultural factors that influence mental processes

and behavior? - ANSWER✔✔-Context




*Everything that people think, say, and do is affected and influenced by these factors. Hence, context

must be taken into account in psychology


Who do most historians credit with establishing the first scientific laboratory dedicated to studying

behavior? - ANSWER✔✔-Wilhelm Wundt




*opened in Leipzig in 1879


One evening, Genie jumps into a pool and shivers at the coldness of the water. After five minutes,

however, she has gotten used to the cold and is "ignoring" it as if she does laps across the pool. This is an

example of what? - ANSWER✔✔-habituation/sensory adaptation




*diminished sensitivity to a stimulus due to prolonged stimulation




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Howard is an expert wine-taster. He can tell vintage wines apart with just single drops upon his tongue,

no matter how similar the samples taste. This demonstrates - ANSWER✔✔-difference threshold/just

noticeable difference




*smallest difference in stimulation required to discriminate one stimulus from another 50% of the time


Which of the following EEG patterns occur in awake individuals? - ANSWER✔✔-alpha waves --> usually

occur in individuals who are in a relaxed or drowsy state




beta waves --> arise during high frequency electrical activity in the brain such as during periods of

concentration


As a boy, John was bitten by a large red ant and developed a phobia for ants. However, he also

developed a fear of all insects. In classical conditioning, this is an example of what? - ANSWER✔✔-

generalization




*tendency of a new stimulus - similar to an original conditioned stimulus - to produce a response similar

to the conditioned response


Generalization also occurs in operant conditioning - ANSWER✔✔-giving the same response to similar

stimuli




e.x. an infant who has been taught to call a four-legged hairy animal "dog" may call a horse "dog"



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*stimulus generalization


Classical conditioning emphasizes the relationship between ____ and ____; operant conditioning

emphasizes the relationship between _____ and ____. - ANSWER✔✔-stimulus; behavior


behavior; consequence/rewards


Classical conditioning




*tends to focus on the stimuli that precedes the behavior - ANSWER✔✔-point of interest is the resulting

behavior upon application of a stimulus


best at explaining how neutral stimuli can become linked to unlearned involuntary responses (not

effective in explaining voluntary behaviors)


Operant conditioning




*stimuli that govern the behavior follow the behavior - ANSWER✔✔-form of learning in which the

consequences of behavior produce changes in the behavior's occurrence


Which style of parenting is most likely to raise children who lack self-control and who always expect to

get their way? - ANSWER✔✔-indulgent parenting


Indulgent parenting - ANSWER✔✔-style wherein parents are involved with their child; however, the

parents place few demands and restrictions on the child --> social incompetence and lack of self-control


Authoritarian parenting - ANSWER✔✔-restrictive, controlling, and demanding style


given little opportunity to disagree and is expect to follow without question

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