Hyperthermia - ANS ✓abnormally high body temperature due to the body
inability to promote heat loss or reduce heat production
Hypothermia - ANS ✓Abnormally low body temperature often associated with
exposure to cold and the body is unable to compensate
Heatstroke - ANS ✓prolonged exposure to the sun or high environmental
temperature
Overwhelms the heat-loss mechanisms the body
Heat exhaustion - ANS ✓condition resulting from exposure to heat and
excessive loss of fluid through diaphoresis
Results in excess water and electrolyte loss
Normal pulse range - ANS ✓60-100 bpm
Strong and regular
Factors that influence pulse: exercise - ANS ✓short term exercise increases
pulse rate
Heart conditioned by long term exercise (athlete) will have lower resting pulse
What factors influence pulse - ANS ✓Exercise
Temperature
Acute pain
NSG 300
, 2
NSG
Emotions
Drugs
Hemorrhage
Position changes
Pulmonary conditions
Factors that influence pulse: temperature - ANS ✓fever and heat increase
pulse
Hypothermia decrease pulse
Factors that influence pulse: acute pain - ANS ✓increase in sympathetic
activity will increase HR
Effects of chronic pain/parasympathetic stimulation increases by unrelieved pain
which decreases HR
Factors that influence pulse: emotions - ANS ✓SNS increase pulse (anxiety)
PNS decrease pulse
Factors that influence pulse: medications - ANS ✓epinephrine- increase HR
Beta adrenergic and CC blockers decrease HR
Factors that influence pulse: hemorrhage - ANS ✓sympathetic stimulation by
loss of blood increases HR
Factors that influence pulse: postural changes - ANS ✓stand: increases HR
Lying down: decreases HR
Factors that influence pulse: pulmonary conditions - ANS ✓(asthma, COPD)--
> increased HR due to poor oxygenation
NSG 300
, 3
NSG
Tachycardia - ANS ✓Abnormally rapid HR >100bpm
Bradycardia - ANS ✓abnormally slow HR <60bpm
Dysrhythmia - ANS ✓Abnormal heart rhythm/missed beats
Normal respiration range - ANS ✓12-20 breaths per minute
Deep and regular
As you age you need _____ breaths/min - ANS ✓less
Factors affecting respiration - ANS ✓acute pain
Exercise
Anxiety
Smoking
Body position
Medications
Neurological injuries
Hemoglobin function
Factors affecting respiration: acute pain - ANS ✓pain may cause shallow
breathing
Inhibits chest wall movement with chest/abdominal pain
Factors affecting respiration: exercise - ANS ✓increases rate/depth so that the
body can meet the oxygen demand and get rid of carbon dioxide
Factors affecting respiration: anxiety - ANS ✓increases RR and depth as result
of sympathetic stimulation
NSG 300
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