Exam (elaborations)
RASMUSSEN FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
- Course
- Institution
RASMUSSEN FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
[Show more]
Content preview
RASMUSSEN FINAL EXAM STUDYGUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Ventilate - Answer- Inhalation and Exhalation
Oxygen in and CO 2 out
Room Air - Answer- 21% oxygen
Factors affecting ventilation - Answer- * Clear airways
* Intact CNS
* Intact thoracic cavity
* Intact alveoli
Impaired ventilation - Answer- * Spinal cord injury
* Trauma to brain stem
* Scoliosis
* COPD
* Asthma
* Cystic Fibrosis
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) - Answer- * CO 2 buildup causes
body to become acidotic.
* Normal chest dimensions are 2:1, barrel chest from COPD is 1:1
* Remodeling of the airway.
* Pursed lips because air is trapped and trying to force exhale.
Cystic Fibrosis - Answer- A recessive genetic disorder that causes inflammation and
excessive mucous.
Transportation - Answer- Haemoglobin become oxygenated.
Send oxygen in and take CO 2 out
Impaired Transportation - Answer- * Anemia
* Blood loss
Types of Anemia - Answer- * Bone marrow not making enough RBCs - caused by
nutrition and renal failure
* Premature destruction of RBCs - Sickle cell anemia
* Losing RBCs - blood loss from hemorrhage, ulcers, colon cancer
,Perfusion - Answer- Pumping of blood throughout the body.
Ability of blood to DELIVER O2 and return CO2
Impaired Perfusion - Answer- Pump and Vessels
* Decreased cardiac output
* Vessel blockage - thrombi and emboli
* Vessel narrowing - Atherosclerosis (PVD)
* Vasoconstriction
* Blood loss
Hemoptysis - Answer- Coughing up blood
Ischemia - Answer- Tissue death due to lack of oxygen
Hemiparesis - Answer- One side of the body is paralyzed (CVA)
Hypoxemia - Answer- Low oxygen in blood - look stressed and crazy
Early Signs of Hypoxemia - Answer- * Tachypnea
* Tachycardia
* Restlessness
* Pallor
* Elevated B/P
* Signs of distress
* Confusion
Late Signs of Hypoxemia - Answer- * Bradypnea
* Bradycardia
* Listlessness
* Cyanosis
* Hypotension
Can interfere with Pulse Oximeter - Answer- * Nail polish
* Edema
* Poor circulation
* Hypothermia
* Anemia
* Movement
O2 sat readings - Answer- Pulse Ox can't measure over-saturation.
91% - 100% - Expected
Below 91% - Require nursing intervention
Below 86% - Emergency
Below 80% - Life threatening
, Wheezing - Answer- Narrowed airways (asthma)
Crackles - Answer- Fluid and mucous
Stridor - Answer- Upper airway inflammation heard on inspiration (croup)
Intercostal Retraction - Answer- Muscles pulled between each rib - sign of a breathing
problem.
Grunting - Answer- Increases PEEP (positive end expository pressure)
Eupnea - Answer- Normal breathing
Apnea - Answer- Temporary cessation of breathing, especially durning sleep.
Normal Breath Sounds - Answer- * Bronchial
* Bronchovesicular
* Vesicular
Bronchial - Answer- 1:2 - Inspiration is half the time of Expiration
Bronchovesicular - Answer- 1:1 - Inspiration is equal to Expiration
Vesicular - Answer- 2.5:1 - Inspiration is 2.5 times longer than Expiration
Labs - Answer- * CBC - Drawn from a vein. Testing the RBCs, hgb (hemoglobin), Hct
(hematocrit), and WBCs
* ABG - Drawn from an artery. Testing the pH, Oxygen, CO 2 and Bicarbonate.
Incentive Spirometer - Answer- Measures the volume of air moving in and out of the
lungs and calculates lung capacity. Breath in deeply to fully expand lungs and push out
any fluids.
Pulmonary Function Test - Answer- Blow out to measure volume.
Orthostatic Position - Answer- Sitting up in bed leaning over table, which helps open up
the airway.
Oxygen Therapy - Answer- Dries the airway. Avoid alcohol and petroleum.
Non rebreather mask - Answer- 80% - 95%
10 - 15L
Simple face mask - Answer- 40% - 60%
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller biggdreamer. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $18.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
72001 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now