ATI ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY PROCTORED EXAM TESTBANK
2024-2025/ACTUAL 450+ EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
VERIFIED ANSWERS /A+ GRADE
1. multicellular, complex organisms, have a proper nucleus containing genome,
and organelles (lysosomes, endoplasmic reticular - smooth and rough - golgi
complexes, and mitochondria), DNA = contained in multiple linear
chromosomes, cells divide using MITOSIS ANS:->> Eukaryotes
2. primitive organisms, much smaller cells, unicellular, no nucleus, genome
= in nucleoid, no organelles, DNA = contained in single circular chromosome,
cells divide using BINARY FISSION ANS:->> Prokaryotes
3. Prokaryotic cells divide using ANS:->> binary fission
4. eukaryotic cells divide using ANS:->> mitosis
5. examples of ANS:->> animals and plants ANS:->> eukaryotes
,6. examples of ANS:->> bacteria and archaea ANS:->> prokaryotes
7. contains DNA (genetic material, used to form chromosomes) - single
is the defining characteristic of eukaryotic cells
controls gene expression - ensures genetic material is transmitted from one
generation to the next
contains nucleuolus ANS:->> nucleus
8. complex thread-like arrangements composed of DNA that's found in a cell's
nucleus - humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 total) ANS:->>
chromosomes
9. how many pairs of chromosomes do humans have? ANS:->> 23 (46 total)
10. an aggregate of genetic material consisting of DNA and proteins that
forms chromosomes during cell division ANS:->> chromatin
,11. the largest component of the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell
no membrane, primary function = production of ribosomes (crucial for protein
synthesis) ANS:->> nucleolus (nucleoli)
12. produced by nucleolus, crucial for synthesis of proteins ANS:->> ribosomes 13
Encircle the cell's cytoplasm, separates intracellular from extracellular
Environment; selectively permeable, made of double layer of phospholipids
studded with proteins
cholesterol = dispersed in phospholipid bilayer of to provide
stability proteins in phospholipid bilayer help transport molecules across these
ANS:->> cell membrane
14. attracted to water (head region of phospholipids, facing the water,
pointing inside and outside of the cells) ANS:->> hydrophilic
15. repelled by water (tail region of phospholipids, oriented inward between both
, head regions -- constructs phospholipid bilayer) ANS:->> hydrophobic
16. cell membranes are ANS:->> have hydrophilic and hydrophobic
zones, contributes to selective permeability ANS:->> amphiphilic
17. the charge present in a molecule ANS:->> polarity
18. molecules ANS:->> have regions (poles) of positive and negative
charge, are
WATER SOLUBLE, harder to pass through cell membranes ANS:->> polar
19. molecules ANS:->> no charge, FAT SOLUBLE, much easier to
pass through cell membranes ANS:->> nonpolar
20. migration of molecules across a cell membrane that DOES NOT
REQUIRE ENERGY 3 types ANS:->> simple diffusion, facilitated
diffusion, osmosis ANS:->> passive transport
21. 3 types of passive transport ANS:->> simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion,
osmosis
22. type of passive transport ANS:->> relies on concentration gradient,
molecules move from area of high concentration to area of low concentration
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