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PSYCH EXAM 1 Q&A
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Exam of 5 pages for the course PSYCHOLOGY at PSYCHOLOGY (PSYCH EXAM 1 Q&A)
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PSYCH EXAM 1 Q&AWhat's the definition of Psychology? - Answer-Study of behavior & mental processes.
What's the distinction between behavior and mental processes? - Answer-Behavior can
be observed first hand, while mental process cannot.
What are the four goals of Psychology in order? - Answer-1. Describe Behavior
2. Explain Behavior
3. Predict Behavior
4. Control Behavior
What's nativism and what's philosophical empiricism? - Answer-Nativism is the theory
that all knowledge is inate.
It's philosophical empiricism is the theory all knowledge is acquired through experience.
What are monism and dualism? - Answer-Monism- mind and brain are one.
Dualism- mind and body are separate.
How did Descartes say the mind and brain interacted? - Answer-Descartes believed
that body and mind are fundamentally different things. Dualism.
What's phrenology and what was the big problem with it? - Answer-phrenology
suggested that physiological capacities and traits, such as capacity of friendship, and
cautiousness were in different brain areas. Broca discovered brain damage impaired
specific brain function.
What trend did phrenology and Paul Broca's discovery represent in regard to the mind-
brain relation debate? - Answer-The brain and mind are closely linked.
What was structuralism, and what research tequinque did structuralists often use? -
Answer-Structuralism is the analysis of the basic elements of the world and mind. They
often used the method of introspection, which is subject observation of one's own
experience.
What did introspection have to do with structuralism's downfall? - Answer-It was hard to
describe exactly what you are experiencing.
What was functionalism? - Answer-The study of mental processes that help us adapt.
Why did William James say consciousness couldn't be broken into components? -
Answer-It distorted the essential nature of consciousness.
What is psychoanalytic theory? - Answer-An approach that emphasizes the importance
of unconscious mental processes in shaping feelings, thoughts, and behavior.
, What is the unconscious? - Answer-Part of the mind that operates outside of conscious
awareness but influences conscious thoughts, feelings, and actions.
What were the criticisms of psychoanalytic theory that were mentioned in class? -
Answer-Unconscious cannot be directly observed.
What were J.B. Watson's criticisms of mental processes? - Answer-You can't observe
peoples experiences.
What's behaviorism, and who was the most famous behaviorist (hint: he discovered
operant learning)? - Answer-The study of observable behavior.
B.F. Skinner
What's operant learning? - Answer-Behavior frequency is contingent on its
consequences.
What two events spurred the cognitive revolution? - Answer-1) Digital computer.
2) Chomsky’s critique of verbal behavior.
What's cognitive psychology? - Answer-Scientific study of mental processes.
What's social psychology? - Answer-Study of causes and consequences of social
behavior.
What historical period heavily influenced social psychologists? - Answer-1930's the rise
of Nazism.
What's cultural psychology? - Answer-Study of how sultures reflect and shape the
psychological process of their members.
With regard to cultural psychology, what's the distinction between absolutism and
relativism? - Answer-Absolutism- universal mental processes here are the same as in
China.
Relativism- psychological phenomenon vary depending on where you live.
Most psychologists have what kind of degree? - Answer-Ph.D
Psy.D
One-third of psychologists have what kind of degree? - Answer-MA &MS
Master of Arts & Master of Science.
What's the most common employment sector for psychologists? - Answer-Clinical
Psychologists.
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