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ACNP Fluid & Electrolytes: Questions And Solutions $9.99   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

ACNP Fluid & Electrolytes: Questions And Solutions

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ACNP Fluid & Electrolytes: Questions And Solutions

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  • November 2, 2024
  • 5
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • ACNP
  • ACNP
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LeCrae
ACNP Fluid & Electrolytes: Questions And Solutions

Isotonic Hyponatremia Right Ans - Pseuohyponatremia- nl Sosm- artifact
d/t lipids or Protein

Hypotonic hyponatremia- 3 types Right Ans - Sosm=low; state of body H20
excess--check UrNa and volume status
(Renal or non-renal)

Hypovolemic w/ UrNa <10 Right Ans - dehydration
diarrhea
vomiting

Hypovolemic w/ UrNa >10 Right Ans - diuretics
ACEI
mineralocorticoid deficiency (adrenal insuff)
SIADH
hypothyroidism

Hypervolemic hypotonic hyponatremia Right Ans - Restrict H2O
edematous states
CHF
liver dz
Advanced RF

Hypertonic hyponatremia Right Ans - Sosm=up
Hyperglycemia

Sosm formula Right Ans - Quick- 2(Na) + 8 (nl BUN/glucose) OR
(2 * (Na) + (BUN / 2.8) + (glucose / 18)

Tx hyponatremia w/ CNS sx Right Ans - hypertonic saline (3%)

Hypernatremia Right Ans - Excess water loss
Sosm=up

Tx of Hypernatremia Right Ans - hypovolemic- NS then 1/2 NS
euvolemia=D5W
hypervolemia= D5 with diuretics

, Hypokalemia- causes Right Ans - diuretics
GI loss
alkalosis

EKG changes hypokalemia Right Ans - decreased amplitude
broad T waves
prominent U waves
PVC's

Oral K replacement Right Ans - > 2.5 and no EKG changes

IV K replacement Right Ans - < 2.5 40 mEq/L/hr IV
10 mEq/hr if stable and can't take po

Electrolyte to check impairing K correction Right Ans - Mg

Hyperkalemia- causes Right Ans - excess intake
renal failure
drugs (NSAIDS)
hypoaldosteronism
cell death
acidosis

EKG changes Hyperkalemia Right Ans - Tall peaked T waves (50% won't
have changes

Hyperkalemia management Right Ans - Time- Kayexalate
>6.5 or cardiac toxic-Insulin 10U & 1 amp D50

Calcium levels are affected by what 3 things? Right Ans - calcitonin
PTH
Vit D

Calcium normal values Right Ans - 8.5-10.5

Ical normal value Right Ans - 4.5-5.5

Which Ca varies with albumin? Right Ans - Total Ca

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