Advanced Pharmacology Midterm questions with solutions.
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Course
Nurs 6521
Institution
Nurs 6521
Advanced Pharmacology Midterm questions with solutions.
what is another name for the sympathetic nervous system?
adrenergic (fight or flight)
what is another name for the parasympathetic nervous system?
cholinergic (rest and digest)
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Advanced Pharmacology Midterm
questions with solutions
what is another name for the sympathetic nervous system? - answersadrenergic (fight
or flight)
what is another name for the parasympathetic nervous system? - answerscholinergic
(rest and digest)
what are the receptors of the sympathetic nervous system? - answersalpha
beta
dopaminergic
what does the alpha 1 stimulate? - answersvasoconstriction
what does the alpha 2 stimulate? - answersvasodilation
what does the beta 1 stimulate? - answersheart
what does the beta 2 stimulate? - answerslungs
what does the dopaminergic receptor stimulate? - answersdilation of renal arteries,
increase heart rate, and increase blood pressure
what are neurotransmitters? - answerschemicals used to carry impulses from neurons
to neurons or from neurons to tissue receptors
what are the SNS neurotransmitters? - answerscatecholamines
what are the three neurotransmitters in catecholamines? - answersnorepinephrine,
epinephrine, dopamine
what is the primary neurotrnsmitter for the SNS - answersnorepinephrine
what two enzymes break down catecholamines in the synaptic cleft and the liver? -
answersMAO and COMT
what do MOA and COMT do? - answersthey metabollize or break down any remaining
norepinephrine after adrenergic transmission
what is the system of the SNS - answerscatecholamines are produced by the SNS, then
stored in vesicles or granules in the ends of nerves and wait for the nerve to be
stimulated, then stimulation causes a release of catecholamines into the synaptic cleft
, (space between nerve ending and effector organ), the catecholamines bind to receptor
sites, making effector organs respond -- this action is stopped by action of enzymes and
reuptake of the neurotransmitter
what is the location of alpha 1? - answerssmooth miscles or peripheral blood vessel,
sphincter of GI/GU tracts, bladder sphincter, penis, iris
when alpha 1 is stimulated what does it cause? - answersvasoconstriction, decreased
Gi motility, constriction of sphincters in the GI/GU, ejaculation, mydriasis, decreased
secretions, stress induced sweating
where is alpha 2 located? - answersnerve membranes
what does stimulation of alpha 2 cause? - answersdecreased CNS sympathetic outflow
where is beta 1 located? - answersreceptors in the heart muscle, beta cells of pancreas,
and kidney
what happens when beta 1 is stimulated? - answersincrease heart rate, decreased
insulin, increased renin secretion
where is beta 2 located? - answerstwo lobes of lungs. uterus smooth muscles, liver,
skeletal muscles, blood vessels (brain, heart, and skeletal vessels)
what happens when beta 2 is stimulated? - answersbronchodilation, uterine muscle
relaxation, breakdown of stored glucose, tremors, dilation of blood vessels (brain, heart,
and skeletal muscles)
therapeutic uses of adrenergics? - answersbronchodilation and nasal decongestant
what medications cause bronchodilation? - answersalbuterol sulfate, epinephrine,
iroproterenol hydrochloride, terbutaline, salmeterol
albuterol sulfate - answersprevents acute problems; drug of choice for short acting
bronchodilation
epinephrine - answersdrug of choice for anaphylaxis
salmeterol - answersfor long acting bronchodilation adn prevents asthma attacks
what medications are used for nasal decongestants? - answersphenylephrine and
phenylpropanmine
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