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PRE-NAPLEX Pharmacy| Solved Exam| Trial 3| Guaranteed Pass **What is the mechanism of action of warfarin?** Warfarin inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase, reducing the synthesis of active clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X. **A patient is taking amlodipine for hypertension. What is the com...

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  • October 28, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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PRE-NAPLEX Pharmacy| Solved Exam|
Trial 3| Guaranteed Pass

**What is the mechanism of action of warfarin?**

Warfarin inhibits vitamin K epoxide reductase, reducing the synthesis of active clotting

factors II, VII, IX, and X.



**A patient is taking amlodipine for hypertension. What is the common side effect associated

with this medication?**

Peripheral edema



**What is the primary function of insulin glargine?**

Insulin glargine provides a long-acting, steady release of insulin for basal blood sugar control.



**What is the mechanism of action of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)?**

PPIs irreversibly block the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme in the stomach lining, reducing gastric

acid secretion.



**A patient weighs 70 kg and is prescribed 2 mg/kg of vancomycin IV every 12 hours. How

many milligrams of vancomycin should the patient receive per dose?**

140 mg/dose



1

,**How does metformin help control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes?**

It decreases hepatic glucose production and increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues.



**If a prescription is written for 500 mg of amoxicillin to be taken three times daily for 10 days,

how many tablets of 500 mg will be dispensed?**

30 tablets



**What is the antidote for opioid overdose?**

Naloxone



**A patient on digoxin presents with signs of toxicity. What laboratory value would be critical to

monitor?**

Serum potassium



**A physician orders 1 liter of D5W to be infused over 8 hours. The drop factor is 20 drops/mL.

What is the infusion rate in drops per minute?**

42 drops per minute

*(Calculation: 1 L = 1000 mL, 1000 mL/8 hours = 125 mL/hour. 125 mL/hour × 20 drops/mL =

2500 drops/hour. 2500 drops/hour ÷ 60 minutes = 42 drops/minute.)*



**What is the mechanism of action of aspirin in preventing cardiovascular events?**




2

, Aspirin irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), reducing thromboxane A2

production, which inhibits platelet aggregation.



**A prescription calls for 120 mL of 0.5% hydrocortisone lotion. How many grams of

hydrocortisone powder are needed to prepare the prescription?**

0.6 grams

*(Calculation: 0.5% = 0.5 g/100 mL. For 120 mL, 0.5 g/100 mL × 120 mL = 0.6 g.)*



**How does spironolactone work as a potassium-sparing diuretic?**

It antagonizes aldosterone at the distal convoluted tubules, increasing sodium excretion while

sparing potassium.



**Calculate the body mass index (BMI) of a patient who weighs 75 kg and is 1.75 meters tall.**

BMI = 24.49

*(Calculation: BMI = weight (kg) ÷ height (m²) = 75 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) = 24.49.)*



**A patient is prescribed levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. What laboratory test should be

monitored to assess efficacy?**

TSH (Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone)



**What is the mechanism of action of atorvastatin in lowering cholesterol?**

Atorvastatin inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, reducing cholesterol synthesis in the liver.



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