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OMGT 4753 Final Exam with Complete Answers
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OMGT 4753 Final Exam with Complete Answers
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OMGT 4753 Final Exam with CompleteAnswers
link between SLM and transportation - Answer-Transportation is the physical link
connecting the firms to its suppliers and customers.
strategic importance of transportation - Answer--Physical link: Interconnectedness
throughout the supply chain; forward and reverse flows.
-Time and place utility: As with all aspects of SCM, provide product where and when it is
needed to support Marketing and Sales.
-Transportation costs: Manage intricacies of transportation costs the factors that impact
costs and adapt to volatility.
-Cost trade-offs: Balance between efficiency and effectiveness in all transportation
operations.
role of transportation in logistics - Answer-- Most widely used
- Low barriers to entry (contributes to the vast # of carriers in the motor industry.
Comprised of for-hire and private fleet options. Truckload carriers (LT), Less than truck
load (LTL), small package carriers)
- Low fixed cost, high variable
4 modes of transportation - Answer-1. Motor carriers
2. Rail
3. Water
4. Air
Advantages of Motor Carriers - Answer-- high accessibility
- transit times are faster than rail and water
advantages of rail - Answer-- capable of carrying a wide variety of products, more than
other modes
- reliability and safety are generally good and improving
- premium intermodal services. (straight piggyback &containerized freight, double
stacks, road railer service)
advantages of water - Answer-- Relatively low cost mode
- Do not own the rights of way
- Easy entry and exit
- Long distance mover of low value and bulk type material.
- Low rates
- Low accessibility
, - Large high capacity cargo holds
advantages of air - Answer-- Earn about 90% of revenue
- Transit times are fastest of the modes
disadvantages of motor - Answer-- Highly variable
- Smaller vehicle size
- Relatively high cost compared to rail and water
disadvantages of rail - Answer-- Very small number of carriers
- High fixed costs
- Accessibility can be a problem
- Transit times are spotty, but are generally long
- Service is the biggest customer concern
disadvantages of water - Answer-- Long transit times
- High capability
disadvantages of air - Answer-- Cost structure highly variable
- Rates are highest
- Reliability subject to weather more than other modes
- Seek goods with a high value to weight ratio
When should rail be used - Answer-(high fixed costs and low variable costs)
-bulk food, mining, heavy mnfg. In domestic/regional areas
when should motor be used - Answer-(low fixed costs and medium variable costs)
1. Consumer goods, medium/light mfg. in domestic/regional areas
when should water be used - Answer-(medium fixed costs and low variable costs)
1. Bulk food, mining, chemicals in international/regional areas
when should air be used - Answer-(low fixed costs high variable costs)
1. High-value goods, rush shipments in domestic/regional international areas.
intermodal transportation - Answer-two or more modes cooperating on shipment by
publishing a through rate. It takes advantage of best characteristics of each mode.
economy of distance - Answer-the cost per unit of distance (miles) decreases as
distance increases
economy of scale - Answer-cost per unit of weight (lb.) decreases as the size of the
shipment increases
market related value - Answer-competition, market location, regulations, freight balance,
seasonality, international
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