Paradigms/ philosophies of science - Answer-"Radical changes or shifts in scientific views are known as paradigm shifts (Kuhn 1970). These shifts occur after significant data that do not fit the current theory have been gathered. Thus, a new theory is needed to explain the data According to Kuhn, i...
FAML 400 Quiz Questions with Latest
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Paradigms/ philosophies of science - Answer-"Radical changes or shifts in scientific
views are known as paradigm shifts (Kuhn 1970). These shifts occur after significant
data that do not fit the current theory have been gathered. Thus, a new theory is needed
to explain the data According to Kuhn, in the natural sciences, paradigm shifts change
science dramatically, as did Einstein's theory of relativity or the fact that Columbus did
not, in face, fall off the end of the earth. In the social sciences, paradigm shifts are not
as obvious, because we do not evaluate our theories from the standpoint of truth, but
rather how useful they are. We, as scholars, cannot define what is true for all humans or
families, so neither can our theoretical perspectives in radical ways."
3 paradigms of science - Answer-positivism, interpretive, conflict/critical
Positivism (Family Development Theory, Exchange Theory)- - Answer-Fact. Things that
just are, for example gravity. For example scientific experiments: have the purpose of
being able to Control what is studied and predict the outcome. Deterministic: Cause and
Effect.
Interpretive (Symbolic Theory, Structural Functionalism Theory, Systems Theory)- -
Answer-Opposite of Positivism. "It depends." What is important is how each person
interprets it regardless of fact. For example: Fact: Someone smiled at me. Possible
Interpretations: They like me, They want a date OR They are just being polite. In other
words, it's the book we write, which may or may not be based on the actual but rather
because we believe it is our truth.
Conflict/Critical (Feminist Theory and Conflict Theory)- - Answer-There are 2 groups of
people the Haves and Have-nots. Life is viewed as conflict between the 2 groups.
These theories raise consciousness of oppression and prejudice, etc. Generally: The
Haves do not want change and The Have-nots do want change which can result in
revolution, systems changes, etc.
elder oaks reason and revelation - Answer-▪ Knowledge as to things of the world is
expanding, but we are forgetting to expand our knowledge about the plan that God has
for us as His children.
▪ To gain knowledge about God and the truths of His gospel we must study and reason
and faith and revelation.
▪ Reason and revelation are ways we learn.
▪ Many who only study reason feel negatively toward religion. They are not open to the
fact that we can use revelation as a learning tool.
▪ For centuries man has denied God and relied on human intellect.
, ▪ Scholars realized that they had been depriving themselves. The people with Western
thinking were looking to much to political and social reforms. They were missing out on
their spiritual life.
▪ If we focus on either reason or revelation more in our lives then we can loose balance
and our viewpoint on things will change.
▪ We need to feel the spirit to gain knowledge and have revelation. This happens
through our five senses. When we are relying on reasoning alone reason is our god and
how we get knowledge.
▪ Beware of self serving motives
▪ Relationship Between Reason and Revelation
Coequal partners- They are not.
Division of Sovereignty- Science and Religion
Sequential- Sacred knowledge. Study and reason come first and revelation comes
second.
▪ "In sequential relationship between reason and revelation, it is important that reason
have what we can call "the first word" and that revelation have "the last word"
So...STUDY IT OUT!
▪ Once you have studied take your knowledge to the Lord for his approval.
▪ Revelation Authentication Test
1. True revelation will edify the recipient.
2. The content of a true revelation must be consistent with the position and
responsibilities of the person who receives it.
3. True revelation must be consistent with the principles of the gospel as revealed in the
scriptures and the teachin
wallace wheel - Answer-theory, hypothesis, design research, observation,
generalization, theory construction
inductive reasoning - Answer-Moving from specific bits of information toward a general
idea
deductive reasoning - Answer-Taking a general idea from a theory and testing it to
tease out the details
purpose of theories - Answer-▪ Theory is a tool to understand and describe what goes
on around us.
▪ A theory is a general framework of ideas and how they relate to each other.
▪ Theories can be used to ask and answer questions about particular phenomena.
five functions of a theory - Answer-descriptive, sensitizing, integrative, explanatory,
value
descriptive function - Answer-help to name, classify, and organize phenomena in such a
way that we can understand them.
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