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Med Surg Final Exam ivy tech Study Guide Solutions Modifiable risk factors - Ans:-Choices that can be altered to better health such as: weight, tobacco use, alcohol use, corticosteroid use and sedentary lifestyle Assess the airway - Ans:-When a patient is deteriorating, this will be the nurse's ...

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  • October 22, 2024
  • 46
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • med surg final exam ivy tech study guide solutions

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©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




Med Surg Final Exam ivy tech Study Guide Solutions



Modifiable risk factors - Ans:✔✔-Choices that can be altered to better health such as: weight, tobacco

use, alcohol use, corticosteroid use and sedentary lifestyle


Assess the airway - Ans:✔✔-When a patient is deteriorating, this will be the nurse's number one priority.


Systemic infection - Ans:✔✔-An infection located throughout the body such as: fever, nausea and

vomiting, swollen lymph nodes, fatigue and rapid pulse/breathing


Localized infection - Ans:✔✔-An infection located in a localized area only such as: pain, erythema,

swelling, warmth and drainage


Standard precaution - Ans:✔✔-The believe that all body excretions, secretions and moist membranes

and tissues excluding perspiration are potentially infectious. Requires use of hand hygiene and gloves


Contact precaution - Ans:✔✔-A precautionary measure requiring the use of a gown and gloves for

patients who typically have: C. diff, MRSA/VRE, pediculosis, respiratory syncytial virus and scabies


Droplet precaution - Ans:✔✔-A precautionary measure requiring the use of a gown, gloves and mask for

patients who typically have: diphtheria, streptococcal pharyngitis, pneumonia, influenza, rubella, mumps

and pertussis




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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




Airborne precaution - Ans:✔✔-A precautionary measure requiring the use of a gown, gloves and N95

mask for patients who typically have: tuberculosis, measles, varicella


Peripheral arterial disease - Ans:✔✔-The most appropriate position for a patient to relieve pain is in the

dependent position for this disease




Patient should not wear compression stockings if this condition is present


Magnetic resonance angiography - Ans:✔✔-A diagnostic test for PVD that is commonly used to assess

blood flow in the peripheral arteries with use of contrast medium to help visualize blood flow through

arteries


Doppler probe - Ans:✔✔-A diagnostic test for PVD that is a segmental systolic blood pressure

measurement of lower extremities at the thigh, calf and ankle




Blood pressure readings in thigh and calf are normally higher than readings on the upper extremities. If

pressures are lower than the brachial pressure, arterial disease may be present


Ankle-brachial index (ABI) - Ans:✔✔-A diagnostic test for PVD that is a comparison of ankle and brachial

pressure. A reading of less than 0.90 in either leg is diagnostic of PAD. Patients with diabetes are known

to have a falsely elevated reading


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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




Plethysmography - Ans:✔✔-A diagnostic test for PVD used to evaluate arterial flow in the lower

extremities. If an occlusion is present, the waveforms are decreased to flattened, depending upon

degree of occlusion


Peripheral venous disease - Ans:✔✔-The patient with this condition can wear compression stockings and

must be educated to wear above the bend of the knee to avoid deterring circulation


Heparin and warfarin - Ans:✔✔-Anticoagulants often given concurrently because warfarin depresses

synthesis of clotting factors, but does not have an effect on clotting factors currently present




Takes 3-4 days before the clotting factors that are present decay and the therapeutic effects of warfarin

occur


Fluid volume deficit - Ans:✔✔-Too little fluid leading to dehydration and hypovolemia


Fluid volume overload - Ans:✔✔-Too much fluid leading to water intoxication and hypervolemia


Fluid volume deficit: Cardiovascular - Ans:✔✔-When reference fluid volume, this condition present as:




• Increased HR to help maintain BP with less blood volume


• Weak peripheral pulses


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, ©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024




• Orthostatic hypotension


• Flattened hand and neck veins


Fluid volume deficit: Respiratory - Ans:✔✔-When referencing fluid volume, this condition present as:




• Increased respirations due to decreased blood volume reducing perfusion and gas exchange


Fluid volume deficit: Skin - Ans:✔✔-When referencing fluid volume, this condition present as:




• Poor skin turgor


• Dry and scaly


Fluid volume deficit: Neurologic - Ans:✔✔-When referencing fluid volume, this condition present as:




• Mental status change


Fluid volume deficit: Kidneys - Ans:✔✔-When referencing fluid volume, this condition present as:




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