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Extensive Biology Gcse notes, all topics, grade 9
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- Biology igcse edexcel notes - comprehensive and detailed notes for students doing biology gcse -included with diagrams and pictures - achieved grade 9
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ENZYMESEnzymesincreasethespeedofreactions Theyareoftencalled
biological catalysts
FACTORSAFFECTING ENZYMEACTION
KEYWORDS
Temperature increasingthetemperature initiallyincreasesenzymeactivity
tiresite tocatalyse Enzymes haveanoptimumtemperature once
reaction thereacting thistemphasreached theactivitydecreases
hemicalsubstrate Past acertaintemp theactivesite changesshape
M
mustbindto theenzyme's theenzymeisdenatured
tiresite activesite The substratenolongerfitsintotheactivesite
ecomplimentaryto hencereactionis notcatalysed
abstrate tempo
phlevels Enzymeshavea optimumphlevels
mortimumen tne
GG9
Insulate 94.1.9
IfPHistoolow ortoohigh thenenzymeisdenatured
andwillnotiunction
INVESTIGATION Graph
1 addamalysetostarchsolution
2Every30secs
A
taneadropofthemntureandaddadropoyiodi.me
ffffffffifffffiffffffffffffffffffy
whenadded indicates allthestarchhasbeenbrokendown
ffffff.fi
PHistoanalyse'soptimal ph phlevels
concentration theenzyme orsubstrateincreases
increasingtheconcentration oneither
eitherthenumber osachiesitesortheraleorensymeau.hr in
rateofreaction is increased
DIGESTIVEENZYME
carbohydrate CHO Proteins CHONS fats LIPIDS CHO
Pasta PotatoRice almain Nuts meals beans cheese oils chocolates
of
source energy Bronen downwith
, of
source energy is Broken downwith
Brokendownbylipase
Malritype isstarch
byprotease
is
analyse f
aminoacias
f
Glycerol
Brada
say fq 0 00
fattyacids
proactive.in
madein Proncedin
salivaryglands Stomachpepsin Pancreas
to
Pancreas
is Pancreas small intestinese
smauintestinefq.smauinienninef.gr
, MOCKSREVISION 20thDecember2023 Wednesday
EXCRETION
Excretion refersto theremoval toxic substances wasteproducts
of
metabolism orexcess substances
of
KIDNEYS
isexcreted
urea
90min
with nameEiEifiiiiidfg
and
water
excess salts
the
through lungs
iswilterblood Produce
tnemainmmnfl.info
urine
sweatcontaining productfromphotosynthesis
excesssaltsandurea isexcretedthroughstomatainleaves
excreted shin
through dioxide
Excesscarbon awaste
product
fromrespiration isexcretedthrough
stomatainleaves
UNFITERATION
regulatelevelsofwasteproducts ions waterinthebloodstream
ftpEfE thebloodandremovewasteeg Urea excessaminoacids
filter
regulatelevels or usualthings ions orwater highlevelsdamag
fffffffff eg
mostwaterlostin form
I renal
artery cells
ofurine
ff
denari self vein
renal
uvet.net UNHITERATION
neduuatfhhgyyhfhfh
www.aol
1 arteriolsbranchoff missfique.fiyie
alamerots
Wgst
KIDNEYDIAGRAM therenalarteryandlead HYMIE
weachnephronwhere Hit
theyforma knotofcapaniaries the coopophene
glomerulusinsidetheBowman'scapsule
2 the capillariesgetnarrowerastheygetfurther NEPHRONSTRUCTURE
NEPHRONCLOSEUP intotheglamerouswhich increasesthePressureofbloodmoving
throughthem
iron
3 Thiscausessmallermolecule'sbeingcarriedinthebloodtobeforcedoutofthe
capillariesandinto Bowman'scapsule formaliterate
substancesforced include glucosewater ureasalts
out
ffffff.gg
fIifggg.f someatnisi.ae i needandreabsorbedbachanbloodsummerdownnephron
nephon REABSORPTION
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