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SCSC 301 Exam 2 with correct answers.
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SCSC 301 Exam 2 with correct answersOrganisms that use energy from the sun to manufacture their organic carbon compounds are ___. -
correct answer -Autotrophs
I exist in a symbiotic relationship with plant roots. I get sugars from the plants in exchange for nutrients,
particularly P andZn, and water. However, I cannot fix nitrogen from the atmosphere. Sometimes I am
able to protect my host from other plant pathogens. To do this, sometimes I produce antibiotics. What
am I? - correct answer -Mycorrhizae
I am found in most soils, but I am particularly partial to sandy soils. I am unsegmented and 4 to 100 mm
across. Most of my kindfeed on just about all the other kinds of organisms from tiny up to insect larvae
and plant roots. Some of my kind can be used as biological controlagents to control pests (e.g., corn
rootworm). Others of my kind are considered plant parasites (e.g., in cotton and peanut). I can survive
by a cryptobioticstate when times are bad so that I can survive almost any climate. What am I? - correct
answer -Nematode
Which of the following is LEAST critical for the growth of microorganisms? - correct answer -day length
Which term best describes the transformation of C and nutrients from organic forms to plant available
inorganic forms? - correct answer -Mineralization
Which of the following do soil organisms play a role in?
a)Organic matter decomposition
b)Degradation of toxins and foreign chemicals
c)Transformations of nutrients
d)All of the above
e)None of the above - correct answer -d)All of the above
Which of the following are NOT considered fungi? - correct answer -Actinomycetes
, Which of the following describes the rhizosphere? - correct answer -Zone around the roots that is
influenced by the roots activities (e.g., exudation and sloughed cells) and that is typically hosts a large
microbial population
Which of the following is NOT a carbon-containing compound that is involved in the cycling of carbon
associated with most plant/animal life forms? - correct answer -Calcium carbonate
______fixation is a very important function of organisms in soils. - correct answer -Nitrogen
The most important decomposers of residue in soils in the pH range of 4 to 5.5 are: - correct answer -
Fungi
A principal role of organisms in soils is the formation of: - correct answer -Humus
Which organic matter property affects the availability of nutrients to plants? - correct answer -Cation
exchange capacity
Complete degradation of residues (complete oxidation) results in _______ - correct answer -CO2
Which of the answers below represents an immobilized form of N? - correct answer -Protein in a
bacterial cell
Which is true when comparing aerobic vs anaerobic organic matter decomposition? - correct answer -
Anaerobic degradation is much slower than aerobic and results in compounds that are partially
decomposed
Soil organic matter degradation will be greatest when_____________ - correct answer -There is
sufficient soil moisture and aeration at neutral pH and relatively warm temperatures to degrade residue
with high levels of N
Organic matter tends to decrease the ___ of soils. - correct answer -bulk density
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