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Introduction To Ethics Midterm Exam With Complete Solution 2024/2025 Update
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Introduction To Ethics Midterm Exam With Complete Solution 2024/2025 Update
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Introduction To Ethics Midterm ExamWith Complete Solution 2024/2025
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consequentialism ANS✔✔ type of moral theory according to which the rightness and wrongness of
actions is to be explained entirely in terms of the intrinsic value of the consequences associated with
either individual concrete actions or rules associated with actions
utilitarianism ANS✔✔ a consequentialist moral theory according to which happiness has positive
intrinsic value in terms of which actions are right or wrong
hedonistic utilitarianism ANS✔✔ an act that maximizes happiness and minimizes suffering to the
greatest number of humans is a right act
perfect consequentialism ANS✔✔ version of consequentialism that accepts a perfectionist theory of
value
act consequentialism ANS✔✔ any version of consequentialism according to which it is the net intrinsic
value of the consequences of particular alternative actions open to an agent in some situation that
determines the rightness or wrongness of those alternative actions
rule consequentialism ANS✔✔ any version of consequentialism according to which the rightness or
wrongness of some particular action that is (or might be) performed in some situation depends on the
acceptance value of the rule corresponding to the action in question. A right action is one falling under a
rule with at least as high an acceptance value as any other rule governing the situation in question
natural law theory ANS✔✔ The theory that morality is a function of human nature and reason can
discover valid moral principles by looking at the nature of humanity and society
, four basic intrinsic goods of natural law theory ANS✔✔ human knowledge, human procreation, human
life, human sociability
doctrine of double effect ANS✔✔ composed of a set of provisions under which it is morally permissible
to knowingly bring about evil in the pursuit of the good
kantian moral theory ANS✔✔ moral theory that features the notions of respect for persons and
universality
golden rule ANS✔✔ do unto others as you would have them do unto you
categorical imperatives ANS✔✔ fundamental moral principle in kantian moral theory that is employed
in reasoning about moral issues, taking the forms Universal Law and the Humanity formulations; you
have to do this in order to do your duty
hypothetical imperatives ANS✔✔ a means to another end
Universal law formulation ANS✔✔ a formulation of Kant's categorical imperative which states that an
action is morally permissible if and only if the maxim associated with the action is universalizable
realm of ends ANS✔✔ hypothetical state of existence that is derived from Kant's categorical imperative
composed entirely of rational beings capable of moral deliberation
right ANS✔✔ an entitlement to be free to engage in some activity, to exercise a certain power, or to be
provided with some benefit
rights-based moral theory ANS✔✔ a moral theory according to which moral rights (claims) are the basis
for explaining the rightness and wrongness of actions
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