HOSA Pharmacology Exam Study Guide
Pharmacology - Answer-study of drugs and their action on living organisms
Absorption - Answer-a drug is moved from site of administration to body fluids; first process during
pharmacokinetics
Adverse Reaction - Answer-undesirable drug effect
Allergic Reaction...
Drug Tolerance - Answer✔✔-decreased response to a drug, requiring an increase in dosage to achieve
the desired effect
Excretion - Answer✔✔-elimination of a drug from the body
First-Pass Effect - Answer✔✔-action by which an oral drug is absorbed and carried directly to the liver,
where it is inactivated by enzymes before it enters the general bloodstream
Half-Life - Answer✔✔-time required for the body to eliminate 50% of a drug
Herbal Medicine - Answer✔✔-type of complementary/alternative therapy that uses plants or herbs to
treat various disorders; also called herbalism
Hypersensitivity - Answer✔✔-undesirable reaction produced by a normal immune system
Metabolism - Answer✔✔-drug is changed to a form that can be excreted
Metabolite - Answer✔✔-inactive form of the original drug
Nonprescription Drugs - Answer✔✔-drugs designated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to
be safe (if taken as directed) and obtainable without a prescription; also called over-the-counter (OTC)
drugs
Pharmaceutic - Answer✔✔-pertaining to the phase during which a drug dissolves in the body
Pharmacodynamics - Answer✔✔-study of drug transit (or activity) after administration
Physical Dependency - Answer✔✔-habitual use of a drug, where negative physical withdrawal symptoms
result from abrupt discontinuation
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