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Ch 11 Study Questions - HUM 1020 with complete verified solutions 2025
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Ch 11 Study Questions - HUM 1020 with complete verified solutions 2025
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Ch 11 Study Questions - HUM1020 with complete verified
solutions 2025
The Enlightenment marks the divide between the medieval view of the
world as dominated by religion and the principles of religious faith, and
the modern view of the world as governed by what? - answer Science and
the principles of human reason
When did the Scientific Revolution take place? - answer 1600 to 1750
The text states that the Scientific Revolution culminated in the union of
three movements: the use of direct observation and experimentation
(empirical methods), the use of mathematical theory, and what else? -
answer the development of new instruments by which to measure
natural phenomena, test scientific hypotheses, and predict the operations
of nature
Who was the Polish physician and astronomer who published the landmark
treatise "On the Revolution of the Heavenly Spheres? - answer Nicolas
Copernicus
Define geocentric theory and heliocentric theory - answer
Geocentric(earth-centered) Heliocentric(sun-centered)
What is the name of the German mathematician whose publication set
forth laws of planetary motion and substantiated the heliocentric theory? -
answer Johannes Kepler
What is the name of the Italian astronomer who formulated the law of
falling bodies, perfected the telescope, and helped turn the heliocentric
theory into fact? - answer Galileo Galilei
, Who was the leading advocate of a process known as inductive reasoning?
- answer Francis Bacon
What is the title of Francis Bacon's publication that was an impassioned
plea for objectivity and clear thinking, and remains the strongest defense
of the empirical method ever written? - answer Novum Organum (New
Method)
What is the name of the English astronomer who wrote the Principia,
which became the culminating thesis of the Scientific Revolution? - answer
Isaac Newton
Eighteenth-century intellectuals explained human nature in terms of
natural law. What are some of the "natural rights" that humans must
have? - answer The right to life, liberty, property, and just treatment by
the ruling order
The eighteenth century saw the formation of the social sciences. Name
them. - answer Anthropology, Sociology, Economics, and Political science
According to John Locke, what condition is the mind in at birth? - answer
a blank slate, or tabula rosa
How did Thomas Hobbes and John Locke disagree in their interpretations
of the idea of a social contract? - answer Locke believed that power
should remain with the people, while Hobbes believed that people
surrender a portion of their freedom to the government.
Who was the leading American apostle of the Enlightenment? (He wrote
the declaration of Independence) - answer Thomas Jefferson
What is the name of the group of French thinkers who advanced reason
and clear thinking? - answer philosophes
Explain the eighteenth-century doctrine known as deism - answer The
belief that God created the world but took no part in its functioning
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