Open Heart Complete Exam Questions with Complete Solutions.
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Course
HEART.
Institution
HEART.
Open Heart Complete Exam Questions with Complete Solutions.
6. An OR nurse is preparing to assist with a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). The OR nurse knows that the vessel most commonly used as source for a CABG is what?
A) Brachial artery
B) Brachial vein
C) Femoral artery
D) Greater s...
Open Heart Complete Exam Questions
with Complete Solutions.
6. An OR nurse is preparing to assist with a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). The OR nurse knows
that the vessel most commonly used as source for a CABG is what?
A) Brachial artery
B) Brachial vein
C) Femoral artery
D) Greater saphenous vein - CORRECT ANSWER D
Feedback:
The greater saphenous vein is the most commonly used graft site for CABG. The right and left internal
mammary arteries, radial arteries, and gastroepiploic artery are other graft sites used, though not as
frequently. The femoral artery, brachial artery, and brachial vein are never harvested.
8. The nurse is caring for a patient who is scheduled for cardiac surgery. What should the nurse include
in preoperative care?
A) With the patient, clarify the surgical procedure that will be performed.
B) Withhold the patient's scheduled medications for at least 12 hours preoperatively.
C) Inform the patient that health teaching will begin as soon as possible after surgery.
D) Avoid discussing the patient's fears as not to exacerbate them. - CORRECT ANSWER A
Feedback:
Preoperatively, it is necessary to evaluate the patient's understanding of the surgical procedure,
informed consent, and adherence to treatment protocols. Teaching would begin on admission or even
prior to admission. The physician would write orders to alter the patient's medication regimen if
necessary; this will vary from patient to patient. Fears should be addressed directly and empathically.
9. The OR nurse is explaining to a patient that cardiac surgery requires the absence of blood from the
surgical field. At the same time, it is imperative to maintain perfusion of body organs and tissues. What
technique for achieving these simultaneous goals should the nurse describe?
A) Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
B) Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)
, C) Atherectomy
D) Cardiopulmonary bypass - CORRECT ANSWER D
Feedback:
Cardiopulmonary bypass is often used to circulate and oxygenate blood mechanically while bypassing
the heart and lungs. PTCA, atherectomy, and CABG are all surgical procedures, none of which achieves
the two goals listed.
10. The nurse has just admitted a 66-year-old patient for cardiac surgery. The patient tearfully admits to
the nurse that she is afraid of dying while undergoing the surgery. What is the nurse's best response?
A) Explore the factors underlying the patient's anxiety.
B) Teach the patient guided imagery techniques.
C) Obtain an order for a PRN benzodiazepine.
D) Describe the procedure in greater detail. - CORRECT ANSWER A
Feedback:
An assessment of anxiety levels is required in the patient to assist the patient in identifying fears and
developing coping mechanisms for those fears. The nurse must further assess and explore the patient's
anxiety before providing interventions such as education or medications.
21. The nurse is assessing a patient who was admitted to the critical care unit 3 hours ago following
cardiac surgery. The nurse's most recent assessment reveals that the patient's left pedal pulses are not
palpable and that the right pedal pulses are rated at +2. What is the nurse's best response?
A) Document this expected assessment finding during the initial postoperative period.
B) Reposition the patient with his left leg in a dependent position.
C) Inform the patient's physician of this assessment finding.
D) Administer an ordered dose of subcutaneous heparin. - CORRECT ANSWER C
Feedback:
If a pulse is absent in any extremity, the cause may be prior catheterization of that extremity, chronic
peripheral vascular disease, or a thromboembolic obstruction. The nurse immediately reports newly
identified absence of any pulse.
22. In preparation for cardiac surgery, a patient was taught about measures to prevent venous
thromboembolism. What statement indicates that the patient clearly understood this education?
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