Antibacterial - answer-kills bacteria or prevents its growth
Ex: ciprofloxacin
Antifungal - answer-kills or inhibits growth of fungi
Ex: amphotericin b
Antiviral - answer-kills viruses or prevents its growth
Ex: acyclovir
Antiprotozoal - answer-kills or inhibits parasitic infections
Ex...
Antimicrobials (antibiotics) key takeaways - answer-- always obtain cultures before administering
antibiotic
- patients may receive combination therapy until organism is identified
- ensure patients always complete the full course of antibiotics
Culture collection order (timeline) - answer-- obtain blood culture first
- obtain urine culture second
- administer antibiotics
Narrow spectrum antibiotics - answer-- effective against a few specific bacteria
- covers either gram-positive or gram-negative
Broad spectrum antibiotics - answer-- effective against a wide variety of bacteria
- covers both gram-positive and gram-negative
Patient education for antimicrobials - answer-- difference between viral and bacterial infections
- medication considerations: refrigeration, light sensitivity
- combination therapy used until causative agent is identified
- how and when to take medication
Penicillins - mechanism of action - answer-- weakens cell wall, causes water uptake and cell rupture
- bactericidal (kills cells)
, Ampicillin - answer-penicillin preferred drug for gram-negative bacteria
Patient education for penicillins - answer-- take with full glass of water
- take 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals
- most common reaction is an allergic reaction (hives, shortness of breath, wheezing)
Cephalosporins - mechanism of action - answer-- binds to penicillin-binding proteins, disrupts cell wall
synthesis causing cell lysis (breakdown of the outer layer)
- bactericidal (kills cells)
1st generation cephalosporins - therapeutic use - answer-- used for simple respiratory, ear, skin, urinary
tract infections
- not as effective for gram-negative bacteria
- do not give to patients with penicillin allergy
2nd generation cephalosporins - therapeutic use - answer-- more effective for gram-negative bacteria
- not effective against meningitis due to poor csf concentration
- do not give to patients with penicillin allergy
3rd generation cephalosporin - therapeutic use - answer-- preferred therapy due to effectiveness against
many bacteria
- effective against gram-negative bacteria
- good csf penetration
- do not give to patients with penicillin allergy
4th generation cephalosporins - therapeutic use - answer-- highest effectiveness of gram-negative
bacteria
- treats severe skin infections, hospital acquired pneumonia
- good csf penetration
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller TOPDOCTOR. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.