Class notes
Psyc 330 Psychotherapeutic Drugs Notes
- Course
- PSYC 330
- Institution
- State University Of New York - Binghamton
Psychotherapeutic Drugs Notes got Psyc 330. *Essential Study Material!!
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Psych 330 Chapter 13Psychotherapeutic Medications
Beginning of Exam Four Information
Psychotherapeutic Drugs
→ “Exert a special or unique effect on the mind or mental functioning”
- Therapeutic = fix/correct [imbalance; altercation]
•Antipsychotics
•Antidepressants
•Anti-manic / mood-stabilizers
•Anti-Anxiolytics
History
→ In the past, non-pharmacological treatments: VERY CRUEL
→ No scientific data
- Bloodletting (to release evil spirits)
- Hot irons
- Flogging
- Revolving chairs
- Starvation
- sneezing powder
→ ie. Lobotomy (treatment of schizophrenia by damaging prefrontal cortex and
thus disrupt a brain-abnormality
- Prefrontal cortex is control of executive function, impulsivity..etc
→ Howard Dully (Dec. 15 1960) First Lobotomy: suffered from childhood
schizophrenia
**All of these methods was to “cleanse those of their mental illness” through physical removal
from their system**
Revolution in Pharmacology
→ 1950’s: Psychopharmacology
•Pre-Chlorpromazine Era
→ Emil Kraepelin, Phillip Pine, JE Esquirol
- Developed mental illness classification system
- Believed scientific understanding was prerequisite for treatment
→ Involvement of cannabis
- Moreau’s use for treating depression, manic patients
- CON: Temporary Effects
- Replace disorders symptoms with “good” effects of drugs
, → Amphetamines for narcolepsy
→ CO2 for psychoses and neuroses
→ Antihistamines, insulin shock, psychosurgery
- Psycho Disconnecting brain structures
→ Electroshock therapy
→ Lithium
- Not approved in US until 1970
- Still Used today for bipolar exposure
Epidemiology
• National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R- 2005)
→ 9000 Adult household survey
- focused on anxiety, PTSD, mood, impulse control (ADHD), substance
→ Findings
- 1:4 US adults yearly affected
-Anxiety (18%)
-Mood (10%)
-Impulse (9%)
-Substance (15%)
**50% US adults meet criteria for mental illness at some point in their life**
→ Comorbidity in about half (the simultaneous presence of two chronic conditions) →
Most DO NOT get treatment
→ Symptoms appear early
- Half of results: symptoms appeared by 14 years (early!!)
**Didn’t include homeless, prisoners; didn't assess less common psychiatric disorders**
Epidemiology [Cont.]
→ Important Trends:
- Use of psychotherapeutics 2x higher in WOMEN than men
- Use increases with age
→ Most dramatic in men
→ Higher in individuals
- Because they’re living alone?
- Especially in those: with greater education, with more income
•Problems
→ Criminality (illegal sales)
→ Medical (taking too much; don’t need to take them)
→ Abuse (unintentional too)
Famous Patients [Schizophrenia]
- John Nash: nobel prize winner!!
- Elyn Saks
- Jim Carrey (depression)
- Dwayne Johnson (depression)
- Mariah Carey
- Demi Lovato
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