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NURS 8022 Exam 2 Studyguide transformed into flashcards Questions With Complete Solutions
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NURS 8022 Exam 2 Studyguide transformed into flashcards Questions With Complete Solutions
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NURS 8022 Exam 2 Studyguide transformed into flashcardsQuestions With Complete Solutions
1. Apoferritin
2. Hemosiderin Correct Answer 1. Ferritin without attached
iron - (precursor to ferritin)
2. Ferritin micelles (very small cells) - the storage form of
ferritin ▪ Normal in small amounts in spleen, liver, bone marrow
▪ Can be pathophysiological in large amounts (lung,
subcutaneous tissue)
1. Endotoxin vs. 2. Exotoxin Correct Answer 1. Contained in
the cell walls of gram-negative bacteria and released during lysis
of bacteria
-- Pyrogenic bacteria: activate inflammation and produce fever
2. Enzymes released during growth
-- Damages cell membranes, activates second messengers,
inhibits protein synthesis
Active bone marrow sites Correct Answer pelvic bones
vertebrae
cranium
mandible
sternum
ribs
humerus
femur
,Active Immunity vs Passive Immunity Correct Answer Natural
exposure to foreign antigens (i.e immunization); slow onset,
long-lived
Passive: preformed antibodies from another host (i.e maternal
antibodies passed through placenta to fetus); rapid onset, short-
lived
Adaptive Immunity
- Third line of defense Correct Answer More
sophisticated/specific, less players, inducible, slower
Destruction of infectious microorganisms that are resistant to
inflammation
Long-term highly effective protection against future exposure to
the same microorganisms
Products: immunoglobulins (antibodies), lympocytes (T-cells,
B-cells)
ADP Correct Answer Prothrombotic
▪ Platelet activation
▪ Stimulate shape change into spiny shape "sticky" to allow for
aggregation
Agranulocytes Correct Answer Lymphocytes, NK cells,
monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells
No granules
,Alcohol Induced Macrocytic Megaloblastic Anemia Correct
Answer Large, immature RBCs
- Alcohol interferes with absorption of folic acid
(megaloblastic); hbg synthesis (sideroblastic anemia);
erythropoiesis (macrocytosis)
- Anemia reverses with abstinence from alcohol within weeks -
self limiting
Alloimmunity Correct Answer Immune reaction to tissues of
another individual
Anemia of chronic disease Correct Answer Type of
Normocytic-Normochromic Anemias
- Most common in elderly
- Begins as normocytic and progresses to microcytic when
advanced
- Likely due to inflammation
- Findings: decreased TIBC, elevated ferritin; (more ferritin/less
transferrin)
** Bone marrow can distinguish between IDA and ACD **
Anisocytosis
Poikilocytosis Correct Answer Variation in RBC size
Variation in RBC shape
, Anthrax Correct Answer Bioweapon
Microorganism responsible: gram + spore-forming aerobic rod
Bacillus anthracis
CM: Prodromal symptoms then brief period of improvement
followed by rapid onset of high fever, severe respiratory
distress, shock and death within 24-36 hours
Aplastic Anemia Correct Answer Type of Normocytic-
Normochromic Anemias
Red bone marrow is replaced with fat; results in pancytopenia
because there are less hematopoietic cells
Most often caused by autoimmune
S&S: hypoxemia, pallor, weakness, dyspnea, fever
Diagnose via bone marrow biopsy
B Cells Correct Answer • Made in bone marrow; activated B
cells create plasma cells which turn into antibodies
• Responsible for humoral immunity that is mediated by
circulating antibodies
• Antibodies bind to antigens on bacteria and viruses
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