Exam (elaborations)
Midterm Review for Intro to Psychology
- Course
- PSY1012
- Institution
- Keiser University
Questions and answers to midterm
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
PSY 1012 Midterm ReviewChapter 1: The Foundations of Psychological Science
1. Define psychology.
- study of behavior and mental processes
2. What is empirical evidence?
- information from direct observation
3. Describe the five basic principles that critical thinking is built on.
- 1. Where religion and personal values are held as matters of faith, while other
ideas use logic.
- 2. Just because someone said it doesn't make it true.
- 3. Judge the quality of evidence not quantity.
- 4. Be prepared to follow the evidence.
- 5. Don’t be afraid to admit you were wrong.
4. What are the basic ethical guidelines for psychological research?
- Do no harm.
- Describe risks accurately to potential participants.
- Ensure that participation is voluntary.
- Minimize any discomfort to participants.
- Maintain confidentiality.
- Do not invade privacy unnecessarily.
- Use deception only when absolutely necessary.
- Remove any misconceptions caused by deception (i.e., debriefing).
- Provide results and interpretations to participants.
- Treat participants with dignity and respect.
5. Psychology as a science began in what year, and who set up the first laboratory to
study conscious experience?
- 1879, Wilhelm Wundt
6. What effect did functionalism contribute to the field of psychology?
- brought animals
7. Describe the field of positive psychology and the characteristics it focuses on.
- the study of human strengths, virtues, and optimal behavior; love, happiness,
creativity, well-being, self-confidence, and achievement
8. What do clinical, cognitive, and health psychologists do?
- clinical:
- does psychotherapy; investigates clinical problems, develops methods of
treatments.
, - cognitive:
- studies human thinking and information-processing abilities.
- health:
- studies the relationship between behavior and health; uses psychological
principles to promote health and prevent illness.
9. What is a variable in a scientific experiment?
- factor or characteristic that can change; what we are studying
10. What is meant by random assignment?
- using chance to place subjects in experimental and control groups
11. Explain the placebo effect.
- The Placebo effect is a change in symptoms due to a participant's expectation that
a drug or treatment will do something.
12. What is meant by a single-blind and a double-blind experiment?
- Single blind
- is research in which the subjects do not know which treatment they
receive.
- Double blind
- is research in which neither the observer nor the subjects know which
subjects received which treatment.
Chapter 3: Human Development
1. What is meant by nature and nurture?
- Nature is your environment while nurture is influenced by your parents. It just
means that people are still trying to figure out which influenced us more
2. What is a teratogen, and what role do teratogens play in birth defects, particularly
alcohol?
- Teratogen is a harmful substance that can cause birth defects. And heavy
drinking during a pregnancy can cause birth defects.
3. At what age do infants become able to recognize themselves in a mirror?
- 18 months old
4. Review Mary Ainsworth’s study on attachment and identify the three types of
attachment.
- Secure attachment:
- infants with this attachment have a stable and positive emotional bond.
They are upset by the mother or caregivers absence but seek to be near
her when she returns.
- Insecure-avoidant attachment:
- infants with this attachment have an anxious emotional bond. They tend to
turn away from the mother or caregivers when she returns.
- Insecure-ambivalent attachment:
- infants with this attachment also have an anxious emotional bond. In this
case, the babies have mixed feelings: They tend to seek to be near the
returning mother or caregivers and angrily resist contact with her.
5. Explain Diana Baumrind’s three parenting styles.
- Authoritarian Parents:
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller deannadear. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
62555 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now