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NUR4445 Neurologic System Exam Latest Update
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NUR4445 Neurologic SystemExam Latest Update
What are seizures? What is epilepsy and what can cause it (8)? - Answer - abnormal
electrical discharge in the brain
- Epilepsy is a chronic condition.
- Causes:
1. CNS insult
2. fever
3. infection
4. cardiac anomalies
5. trauma
6. hypoxia
7. ingestion of toxic substances
8. brain tumor
How do you intervene when a child is having a seizure (4)? - Answer - Nothing in the
mouth!
- Possible jaw thrust for patent airway
- Place on side (number one priority is airway so move them to prevent aspiration)
- suction, O2, ventilate prn
What do we do if a seizure doesn't spontaneously resolve (2)? What safety measures do
we implement and what do we monitor? - Answer - cardiac monitor
- IV/ IM meds (benzo, diazepam (valium) or lorazepam (ativan)(available in suppository).
- Safe environment with padded rails on bed/ keep side rails up
- Periodic drug serum levels to monitor.
What safety measures should we teach parents of children with seizures (6)? - Answer -
Water safety
, - helmet
- caution around fires
- fall risk/ precaution
- medical alert bracelet
- education on medication adherence.
What is a partial (focal) seizure? What do S/S look like? - Answer - Abnormal electrical
impulse in one area of the brain
- Symptoms depend on where in the brain the activity occurs
What is a simple partial seizure? What does it look like? - Answer - single area of the
brain with single muscle movement or sensory alteration.
- No LOC. (fade out then fade in)
What is a complex partial seizure? What are the S/S (9)? - Answer - psychomotor
- LOC occurs
- hallucinations (aura)
- mental distortions
- personality changes
- loss of social inhibition
- involuntary bladder/bowel
- chewing motions
- explosive emotions then seizure.
What is a generalized seizure? What are the different types (3)? - Answer - throughout
the brain, bilateral and symmetrical symptoms, consciousness impaired.
- Tonic-clonic
- Absence
- Myoclonic
Tonic-clonic seizure - Answer dramatic muscle contraction and LOC followed by
recovery period with confusion and exhaustion
Absence seizure - Answer brief (5-10 sec) period of LOC, can be up to 45 sec.
Myoclonic seizure - Answer short period of muscle contractions. Rare, usually a
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