Exam (elaborations)
APSC 151 FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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APSC 151 FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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Name: Score:265 Multiple choice questions
Term 1 of 265
What are the three types of differential stress in the Earth's lithosphere?
compression, shear, and tension
confined, unconfined, and directed
hydrostatic, lithostatic, and vibratory
upwards, downwards, and sideways
Term 2 of 265
Approximately how much more energy is released in a 6.5 Richter magnitude earthquake than
in one
with magnitude 5.5?
3200 times
100 times
32 times
10 times
Term 3 of 265
Why was building damage so extensive in the 1985 Mexico City quake?
The epicentre was right in the city.
The Richter magnitude was 8.8, and the focus was only 25 kilometres from the city.
Much of the city is built on lake silts and former
swampland that amplified the incoming surface waves.
The steel frame buildings were rigid and lacked the flexibility to withstand lateral
swaying during even a
moderate magnitude quake.
,Term 4 of 265
The ____________ magnitude scale is a measure of the energy released. It does not directly
measure the extent of building damage.
Gutenberg
Reid
Mercalli
Richter
Term 5 of 265
The composition of the upper mantle of Earth is thought to be
basalt
granite
peridotite
iron-nickel alloy
Term 6 of 265
A cube of rock with a horizontal vein in the middle is being tested. At a normal stress of 4 MPa
applied to the joint plane, an applied shear stress of 4 MPa is achieved before slip failure. For a
friction coefficient of 0.75, what is the cohesion for this vein?
5MPa
I MPa
0.5 MPa
2 MPa
100 kPa
,Term 7 of 265
Endosymbiosis describes
the formation of organic crystals within a living cell
the harmless existence of one organism just under the skin of another
the integration of a specialized unicellular organism within another to the advantage of
both
the division of cells into similar offspring
the replication of viral DNA with a host cell
Term 8 of 265
A horst is ____________.
an uplifted block bounded by two normal faults
a downdropped block bounded by two reverse faults
an uplifted block bounded by two reverse faults
a downdropped block bounded by two normal faults
Term 9 of 265
The aphanitic equivalent of granite is
Rhyolite
andesite
basalt
komatiite
, Term 10 of 265
The record of an earthquake obtained from a seismic instrument is a(n) __________.
seismograph
seismogram
time-travel graph
epigraph
Term 11 of 265
The Earth's magnetic field originates by ____________.
weak electrical currents associated with hot, rising, mantle plumes
magnetic mineral grains in the inner core
weak electrical currents associated with fluid motions in the outer core
magnetization of oxygen and nitrogen atoms in the atmospheric ozone layer by solar
radiation
Term 12 of 265
Major earthquakes are often followed by somewhat smaller events known as __________.
aftershocks
foreshocks
tremors
hyposhocks
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