Exam (elaborations)
GCSE AQA Psychology Experimental Designs
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Research MethodsExperimental Design
Fill in the blanks to complete the definitions of each experimental design, then match
the example to the correct design.
Definitions
1. Independent Measures Design:
Each participant is only involved in _________ of the experimental conditions.
2. Repeated Measures Design:
The same participants take part in __________ experimental conditions.
3. Matched Pairs Design:
Participants are paired based on __________ characteristics, with each
member of the pair taking part in __________ condition(s).
Examples
Match each example to the correct experimental design by writing "IM" for
Independent Measures, "RM" for Repeated Measures, or "MP" for Matched Pairs in
the space provided.
1. Example 1: Researchers want to compare the effects of caffeine and no
caffeine on reaction times. They use one group to test reaction times after
drinking coffee and another group for reaction times without coffee.
Design: _____________________________
2. Example 2: A psychologist wants to investigate the effect of mindfulness
meditation on stress levels. Participants take a stress test before and after
completing a meditation program.
Design: _____________________________
, 3. Example 3: To test a new teaching method, participants are paired based on
their previous test scores. One student from each pair is taught using the new
method, while the other uses the traditional method.
Design: ____________________________
Strengths and Weaknesses
Below are some statements describing the strengths and weaknesses of different
experimental designs. Write the name of the appropriate design (Independent
Measures, Repeated Measures, or Matched Pairs) next to each statement.
1. Strength: Controls for individual differences without using the same
participants in all conditions.
Design: ______________________________
2. Weakness: Order effects like practice or fatigue can influence the results.
Design: ______________________________
3. Strength: Fewer participants are needed, and participant variables are
controlled.
Design: ______________________________
4. Weakness: Can be time-consuming and difficult to find similar pairs of
participants.
Design: ______________________________
5. Strength: Reduces demand characteristics as participants are less likely to
guess the experiment's aim.
Design: ______________________________
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