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MICR 270 Study Questions to Guaranteed 100% Pass
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MICR 270 Study Questions toGuaranteed 100% Pass
Hematopoietic Stem Cell - Answer Every blood cell arises from this
Self Renewal:Ability to divide itself to replace older cells and keep the pool of stem
cells constant
Pluripotent (multipotent): can differentiate into many other cell types but once a
stem cell commits to a lineage it loses self renewal ability
Lymphoid Lineage - Answer lymphoid progenitor cells differentiate to make up
the adaptive immune system
Major cells are the T and B cells (lymphocytes)
lymphoid progenitor - Answer Ability to differentiate into B-cells (plasmocyte =
effector B-cell, Memory B-cell), T-cells (Helper T-cell, Cytotoxic T-cell, Memory T-cell),
Natural Killer Cells
Myeloid Lineage - Answer Differentiate into most cells of innate immunity
Myeloid Progenitor - Answer Differentiate into Granulocyte (neutrophil, eosinophil,
basophil, mast cell), Monocyte (macrophage), Erythrocyte, Thrombocyte
Dendritic Cell - Answer Arise from myeloid or lymphoid progenitor cells
Part of adaptive and innate immunity
,Function to capture and engulf antigens and present them to the adaptive immune cells
Various subsets
Erythrocytes and Platelets - Answer Platelets: coagulation, wound healing
and fibrinolysis
Inflammatory function influencing innate and adaptive immunity
Involved in - intervention against microbes, recruitment and promotion of innate
effector cell functions, modulate antigen presentation, enhance adaptive immunity
Erythrocytes and Platelets:
formed during hematopoiesis
Monocyte and Macrophage - Answer - are phagocytes
- Monocytes are in the blood
- macrophages are in the tissues
- when monocytes enter tissues they become bigger, increase complexity of intracellular
structures, are better at phagocytosis
- macrophages are the most efficient phagocytes
Mast Cell - Answer - located in tissues
- are granulocytes with granules containing histamine
- similar to basophils
- role in allergy development
Neutrophil - Answer - most abundant leukocyte (WBC)
- characteristics of granulocytes (polymorphic nucleus, granules containing lytic
enzymes) and phagocytes (ability to engulf and absorb bacteria)
- First to arrive at inflammation site and live a few days
,Basophil - Answer - non-phagocytic granulocyte
- polymorphic nucleus and granules with pharmacologically active substances
- largest granules
- least common granulocyte
- similar to mast cells
- role in allergy development
Eosinophil - Answer - phagocytic (but minor phagocytic role)
- Polymorphic nucleus and granules able to damage parasitic membranes (granulocyte)
- Role in defence against multicellular parasites
Natural Killer Cell - Answer - granular lymphocytes
- granules containing perforin (create lesions in membranes) and granzymes (induce
cell death)
- can recognize tumour or infected cells
- don't have antigen-specific receptors
- distinguish and destroy abnormal cells
- part of innate immunity
T-cell - Answer - Cell mediated immunity
- Specific: one T-cell expresses many TCR that recognize the same specific antigen
- Diverse: every T-cell recognizes a different antigen
- Helper T-cell (CD4)
- Cytotoxic T-cell (CD8)
, MALT (Mucosal Associated Lymphoid Tissues) - Answer Structure: Combined
surface area of various areas in the body
Location: mucous membranes lining the digestive, respiratory and urogenital systems
Function: Initiates immune response to specific antigens encountered along mucosal
surfaces
Spleen - Answer Structure: large, ovoid, two compartments (red pulp: cords of Billroth -
fibrils and connective tissue cells with monocytes and macrophages, white pulp: filled
with macrophages, lymphocytes, T-cells, B-cells and RBC)
Location: left abdominal cavity
Function: red pulp filters blood, white pulp is the site of immune response
development against antigens in the blood
Thymus - Answer Structure: Flat, Bi-lobed, filled with thymocytes (T-cells in the thymus),
epithelial cells, dendritic cells and macrophages
Location: above the heart
Function: Site of T-cell development and maturation
Primary Lymphoid Organs - Answer Thymus and bone marrow
- Site of lymphocyte maturation
- B-cell --> Bone marrow
- T-cell --> Thymus
Secondary Lymphoid Organs - Answer Spleen, lymph nodes and MALT
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