TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD
OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024
NSG170 Test 3: Fluid, electrolytes and
metabolism Study Guide
CMP - Answer✔️✔️-A complete metabolic panel; contains 14 individual tests that
measure electrolyte levels, kidney function, glucose levels and heart function
Difference between CMP and BMP - Answer✔️✔️-A CMP contains all of the same tests
as a BMP, plus more electrolyte levels.
BMP - Answer✔️✔️-Basic metabolic panel; Measures a few electrolyte levels, kidney
function, glucose levels
Interrelated concepts for fluid and electrolyte - Answer✔️✔️-Nutrition, mobility, hormonal
regulation, cognition, perfusion, gas exchange, acid base balance, elimination
Hypokalemia - Answer✔️✔️-deficient potassium in the blood
Hypokalemia interventions - Answer✔️✔️-Discontinue diuretics/laxatives, switch to
potassium-sparing diuretics, treat diarrhea or vomiting, use H2 blockers to prevent
nasogastric suction losses, control hyperglycemia if glucosuria is present
Hypokalemia - Answer✔️✔️-Abnormally low potassium level in the blood
Hypokalemia interventions - Answer✔️✔️-Identify and stop cause of potassium loss,
discontinue diuretics/laxatives, use potassium-sparing diuretics if diuretic use is needed,
, TITLE: EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC PERIOD
OWNER: EMILLYCHARLOTTE
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT: ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 2024
treat diarrhea and vomiting, use H2 blockers to stop loss via NG suctioning, control
hyperglycemia if glucosuria is present
What is the most important electrolyte in the body? - Answer✔️✔️-Potassium
Normal potassium range - Answer✔️✔️-3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Hypokalemia signs and symptoms - Answer✔️✔️-alkalosis, shallow respirations,
irritability, confusion, fatigue, arrhythmias, thready pulse, decreased motility, paralysis
Hypokalemia causes - Answer✔️✔️-Drugs (diuretics, laxatives, corticosteroids),
inadequate consumption (NPO, anorexia), too much water intake, Cushing's syndrome,
fluid loss (NG suction, wound drainage, vomiting, diarrhea, sweating), IV/oral potassium
replacement
What is important to remember for potassium IVs? - Answer✔️✔️-No faster than 10-
20mEq/hour
Hyperkalemia symptoms - Answer✔️✔️-dysrhythmias, irritability, low bp, muscle twitches,
EKG changes (peaked T wave), diarrhea, abdominal cramping
Hyperkalemia causes - Answer✔️✔️-Metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemic hyperosmolar
state, potassium sparing diuretics, tissue breakdown, kidney disease
Hyperkalemia treatment - Answer✔️✔️-Calcium gluconate, insulin + glucose, albuterol,
furosemide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium polystyrine sulfonate, hemodialysis
What can potassium imbalance cause? - Answer✔️✔️-cardiac dysrhythmias, fluid
balance issues, nerve communication interruption (paralysis)
