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NURS 3106/ Fundamentals/ Exam 2 Study Guide with Complete Solutions

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NURS 3106/ Fundamentals/ Exam 2 Study Guide with Complete Solutions What are the four basic elements of normal movement? - Answer️️ -- Body alignment (posture) - Joint mobility - Balance - Coordinated movement Body Alignment - Answer️️ -- brings body parts into a position that promot...

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  • September 18, 2024
  • 27
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NUR 3106
  • NUR 3106
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NURS 3106/ Fundamentals/ Exam 2
Study Guide with Complete Solutions

What are the four basic elements of normal movement? - Answer✔️✔️-- Body alignment

(posture)

- Joint mobility

- Balance

- Coordinated movement

Body Alignment - Answer✔️✔️-- brings body parts into a position that promotes optimal

balance and body function

- refers to the relationship of one body part to another along a horizontal or vertical line

- correct involves positioning in which no excessive strain is placed on a persons joints,

tendons, ligaments, or muscles thereby maintain adequate muscle tone and contributing

to balance

What does the ability to engage in normal physical activity and exercise depend on? -

Answer✔️✔️-- intact and functioning nervous and musculoskeletal systems

- if you do not practice proper body mechanics and principles both nurse and patient

can be injured

Center of Gravity - Answer✔️✔️-- is balanced over a wide, stable base of support and a

vertical line falls from the center of gravity through the base of support

- if this does not occur the body loses balance

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Coordinated body movement is a result of ________. - Answer✔️✔️-- weight

- center of gravity

- balance

Coordinated movement - Answer✔️✔️--complex mechanisms

- proprioception: Awareness of posture, movement, changes in equilibrium

Knowledge of position, weight, resistance of objects in relation to body

- ex stork stance and romberg test(close eyes and stand still)

Friction - Answer✔️✔️--is a force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement

- reduce friction by: decrease an objects surface area (patient cross arms when pulling

up in bed), get patient to bend legs and push to reduce friction, and use air assist

devices when preforming lateral patient transfers

Activity Tolerance - Answer✔️✔️-- or the type and amount of exercise or activity that the

patient is able to preform

- physiological, emotional, and developmental factors influence this

Isotonic exercises - Answer✔️✔️-- cause muscle contraction and change in muscle

length

- ex: ADLs and conditioning exercises:walking,swimming,dance

aerobics,jogging,bicycling,and moving arms and legs with light resistance

- benefits: enhance circulatory and respiratory functioning; increase muscle mass, tone,

and strength; and promote osteoblastic activity, maintain joint flexibility and circulation

- Heart rate and cardiac output increase

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Isometric Exercises - Answer✔️✔️-- involve tightening or tensing muscles without moving

body parts

- ex: quad set exercises, contraction of gluteal muscles

- benefits: increased muscle mass, tone, and strength (decrease muscle wasting);

increased circulation to the involved body part; and increased osteoblastic activity

- can be used for patients who do not tolerate increased activity, immobilized patients

can preform these in bed

- Heart rate and cardiac output mildly increase no apparent increase of blood flow to

other parts of the body

Resistive Isometic Exercises - Answer✔️✔️-- exercises in which the individual contracts

the muscle while pushing against a stationary object or resisting the movement of and

object

- ex: pushups, hiplifting and footboards

- benefits: promote muscle strength, provide sufficient stress against bone to promote

osteoblastic activity

Aerobic - Answer✔️✔️-- activity during which the amount of O2 taken in the body is

greater than that used to preform the activity

- improve cardiovascular conditioning and physical fitness

- Ex: kickboxing

Anaerobic - Answer✔️✔️-- activity in which the muscles cannot draw enough O2 from the

bloodstream

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