Pleural Effusion - ANS fluid in pleural space
pneumothorax - ANS air in the pleural space
Which chemo has a high risk for pulmonary toxicity? - ANS bleomycin (Blenoxane)
For which pulmonary toxicity does bleomycin have a high risk? - ANS Pneumonitis
Hypoc...
Which chemo has a high risk for pulmonary toxicity? - ANS bleomycin (Blenoxane)
For which pulmonary toxicity does bleomycin have a high risk? - ANS Pneumonitis
Hypocapnia - ANS reduced carbon dioxide in the blood
Signs and Symptoms of pleural effusion - ANS tachypnea (fast breathing)
decreased breath sounds
dullness to percussion
Define Lymphedema - ANS obstruction of lymphatic system that caused overload of lymph
in the interstitial space
Define Edema - ANS fluid in the interstitial space
Cancer most commonly associated with lymphedema - ANS Breast
Stage 1 Lymphedema - ANS less than 3 cm difference
pitting edema
Stage 2 Lymphedema - ANS 3-5 cm difference
skin stretched and shiny
nonpitting
Stage 3 Lymphedema - ANS greater than 5 cm difference
skin discolored, stretched, firm
nonpitting
Lymphedema treatment - ANS compression garment
manual lymphatic drainage
elevation
aerobic exercise with strength training
,low sodium diet
Sentinel lymph node dissection - ANS removal of the first lymph node that contains cancer
cells
Hematoma - ANS abnormal collection of blood in tissues
Pericardial effusion - ANS excess fluid around the heart
Tumors associated with malignant pericardial effusions - ANS Lung
High dose cyclophosphamide cardiac effects - ANS damaged cardiac endothelium
Paclitaxel cardiac effects - ANS asymptomatic bradycardia
5FU cardiac effects - ANS coronary artery spasm
Anthracycline (Daunorubicin, doxorubicin, and epirubicin) cardiac effects - ANS
cardiomyopathy
Diagnostic test for pericardial effusion - ANS Echo
Abnormalities of what electrolyte and what mineral interfere with cardiac function? - ANS
Potassium and Calcium
What med can be used to protect heart against effects of doxorubicin - ANS Dexrazoxane
Spiral CT - ANS Diagnostic test for pulmonary emboli
D-DImer test - ANS used to diagnose or rule out conditions that cause hypercoagulability
(inappropriate clotting)
DIC - ANS Accelerated activation of the coagulation cascade. Clots form in random places
leaving the body open to bleeding without protection
Platelet count, Fibrinogen level, D Dimer, FDP Titer - ANS Tests to diagnose DIC
How to treat DIC - ANS Treat underlying cause
What does FFP do? - ANS Contains all of the clotting factors except platelets. Used to
supplement red blood cells when whole blood is not available or to correct a bleeding problem
of unknown cause. It is also used to correct DIC.
Most common cancer associated with DIC? - ANS Leukemia, specifically APL
, Signs/Symptoms of DIC - ANS bleeding from 3 unrelated sites
hypoxia
SOB
fever
mottled extremities
Causes of DIC - ANS Delivery (of baby)
Infection
Cancer
How does Heparin help DIC? - ANS Interferes with thrombin production. Maintain PTT at
1-2 times the normal level (18-28 seconds)
S/S of septic shock - ANS Fever
Tachycardia
Hypotension
Most common cause of sepsis - ANS Gram (-) bacteria
DIC - ANS Accelerated activation of the coagulation cascade. Clots form in random places
leaving the body open to bleeding without protection
Platelet count, Fibrinogen level, D Dimer, FDP Titer - ANS Tests to diagnose DIC
How to treat DIC - ANS Treat underlying cause
What does FFP do? - ANS Contains all of the clotting factors except platelets. Used to
supplement red blood cells when whole blood is not available or to correct a bleeding problem
of unknown cause. It is also used to correct DIC.
Most common cancer associated with DIC? - ANS Leukemia, specifically APL
Signs/Symptoms of DIC - ANS bleeding from 3 unrelated sites
hypoxia
SOB
fever
mottled extremities
Causes of DIC - ANS Delivery (of baby)
Infection
Cancer
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