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GI Pathology Exam | QUESTIONS with 100% Solutions
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GI Pathology Exam | QUESTIONS with100% Solutions
Schistosomiasis or alcoholic --> cirrhosis --> portal hypertension --> assymptomatic -->
hematemesis - Ans Esophageal varicies - hematemesis = vomiting blood
Swallowed corrosive substance --> - Ans Lye Strictures
Lye strictures of infectious agent --> - Ans Esophagitis - Candidiasis, Herpes (normally viral
infection not bacterial)
Esophagitis due to reflux of stomach contents - Ans GERD
Histology of esophagitis due to Herpes - Ans Multinuc, molding, margination of chromatin
3M's
40+ Male --> regurge to esoph --> Dysphagia --> Barrett Mucosa ans stenosis - Ans GERD -->
adenocarcinoma
Barrett esophagus --> expansion of - Ans Basal zone
,Primary difference between reflux esophagitis and eosinophilic esophagitis - Ans
Eosinophilic occurs in all regions of esophagus, not just the lower regions
Red velvety gastrointestinal mucosa - Squamous metaplasia --> Metaplastic glandular cells -
Ans Barrett Esophagus
Metaplasia in barret's forms what cell type - Ans "Intestinal"Goblet Cell Metaplasia
Non-neoplastic disorders of the esophagus - Ans
Tumors of the Esophagus - Ans Benign
-Mesenchymal (Leiomyoma-most common)
-Squamous papillomas (some HPV related)
-Inflammatory "pseudotumor"
Malignant
-Adenocarcinoma
-Squamous Cell Carcinoma
-Rare tumors (Leiomyosarcoma, GIST)
Barrett esophagus and long GERD --> atypical/dysplasia --> distal metaplasia - Ans
Esophageal Adenocarcinoma - often presents with sour taste in mouth
Adenocarcinoma in esophagus is normally distal. What cancer is found proximal to this - Ans
Esophageal Squamous cell Carcinoma
Long standing esophagitis (esophageal disorder in geenral)
Tobacco
Alcohol - Ans Predisposition to Squamous cell Carcinoma
, Huge mobile thing close to larynx --> has adipocytes and blood vessels - benign - Ans
Fibrovascular polyp
Pathology of stomach - Ans Congenital defects: Pyloric stenosis
Gastritis, acute hemorrhagic & reactive gastropathy
Acute Gastric Ulceration - "Stress Ulcers"
Gastritis, Chronic - Helicobacter pylori; "others"
Peptic Ulcer Disease
Hypertrophic Gastropathy
Benign Gastric Tumors
Normal of stomach:
Cardia w/ mucous cells
Fundus w/ Parietal cells and Chief cells
Antrum and Pyloris w/ mucous and G cells - Ans
Layers of stomach histology - Ans Mucosa - gastric pits and protective mucus
Submucosa - blood, lymphatics, ganglia
Muscularis - smoo musc
Serosa - CT
Congenital closure of the lower sphincter of stomach -> newborn, nonbilious vomiting --
> physical palpationi sign - Ans Pyloric stenosis --> olive sign
(projectile vomiting in first months of life)
Pathophysiology of pyloric stenosis - Ans Hyperplasia of the muscularis propria in the
pyloric sphincter
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